MARY M. MCDONALD, M.D., DANIEL SWAGERTY, M.D., M.P.H., and LOUIS WETZEL, M.D.

In assessing patients with microscopic hematuria, cytology plus intravenous urography, computed tomography, or ultrasonography should be considered. When urine cytology results are abnormal, cystoscopy should be performed.

Patient information: "Microscopic Hematuria: What You Should Know," p. 1759

JAMES S. MILLAR, M.D.

Most febrile seizures are self-limited and do not require treatment. Evaluation of the patient for treatable causes of the febrile illness is the most important initial step.

Patient information: "Febrile Seizures: What You Should Know," p. 1765

ARCHANA BINDRA, M.D., and GLENN D. BRAUNSTEIN, M.D.

Depending on the etiology, thyroiditis may be painful and tender or painless, and thyroid function may be normal, elevated, depressed, or evolving. Diagnosis is by clinical context and findings, with treatment directed at symptomatic relief of pain and restoration of normal thyroid function.

KARL E. MILLER, M.D.

These sexually transmitted infections may manifest as a broad range of symptoms and can affect urogenital, anorectal, pharyngeal, and conjunctival areas. Treatment usually includes cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones.

Patient information: "Gonorrhea: What You Should Know," p. 1786