The AAFP recognizes that all family physicians should be alert to physical and behavioral signs and symptoms associated with abuse or neglect. The AAFP concludes that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against screening of parents or guardians for the physical abuse or neglect of children, of adults or adolescents of either sex for intimate partner violence, or of older adults or their caregivers for elder abuse.
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsfamv.htm
F-J: Recommendations for Clinical Preventive Services
Family Violence and Intimate Partner Violence
Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection, Pregnant Women
The AAFP recommends against routine serological screening for herpes simplex virus (HSV) in asymptomatic pregnant women at any time during pregnancy to prevent neonatal HSV infection.
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/herpes/herpesrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/herpes/herpesrs.htm#clinical
Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection, Non-Pregnant Adolescents and Adults
The AAFP recommends against routine serological screening for herpes simplex virus (HSV) in asymptomatic adolescents and adults.
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/herpes/herpesrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/herpes/herpesrs.htm#clinical
Glaucoma, Adults
The AAFP found insufficient evidence to recommend for or against screening adults for glaucoma.
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/glaucoma/glaucrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/glaucoma/glaucrs.htm#clinical
Gonococcal Infection in Neonates, Ocular Topical Medication
The AAFP strongly recommends prophylactic ocular topical medication for all newborns against gonococcal ophthalmia neonatorum.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
Gonorrhea. Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women
The AAFP recommends that clinicians screen all sexually active women, including those who are pregnant, for gonorrhea infection if they are at increased risk for infection (that is, if they are young or have other individual or population risk factors); see clinical consideration for further discussion of risk factors.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
Gonorrhea, Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women
The AAFP concludes there is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening for gonorrhea infection in men at increased risk for infection; see clinical consideration for further discussion of risk factors.
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
Gonorrhea, Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women
The AAFP concludes there is insufficient evidence to recommend for or against screening for gonorrhea infection in pregnant women who are not at increased risk for infection; see clinical consideration for further discussion of risk factors.
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
Gonorrhea, Men
The AAFP recommends against routine screening for gonorrhea infection in men and women who are at low risk for infection; see clinical consideration for further discussion of risk factors.
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/gonorrhea/gonrs.htm#clinical
Healthy Diet
The AAFP recommends intensive behavioral dietary counseling for adult patients with hyperlipidemia and other known risk factors for cardiovascular and diet-related chronic disease. Intensive counseling can be delivered by primary care physicians or by other qualified professionals including dietitians and nutritionists.
(Grade: B recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/3rduspstf/diet/dietrr.htm#clinical
(Grade: B recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/3rduspstf/diet/dietrr.htm#clinical
Hearing difficulties
The AAFP recommends screening for hearing difficulties by questioning elderly adults about hearing impairment and counsel regarding the availability of treatment when appropriate.
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshear.htm
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshear.htm
Hearing Loss Sensorineural (SNHL)
The AAFP recommends screening for hearing loss in all newborn infants.
(Grade: B recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/newbornhear/newbhearrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: B recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/newbornhear/newbhearrs.htm#clinical
Hemochromatosis
The AAFP recommends against routine genetic screening for hereditary hemochromatosis in the asymptomatic general population.
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/uspstf06/hemochromatosis/hemochrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/uspstf06/hemochromatosis/hemochrs.htm#clinical
Hemoglobinopathies, Newborns
The AAFP strongly recommends ordering screening tests for PKU, hemoglobinopathies, and thyroid function abnormalities in neonates.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshemo.htm
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshemo.htm
Hepatitis B Virus Infection, Pregnant Women
The AAFP recommends screening for hepatitis B virus (HBV) in pregnant women at their first prenatal visit.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf09/hepb/hepbpgrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf09/hepb/hepbpgrs.htm#clinical
Hepatitis B Virus Chronic Infection
The AAFP recommends against routinely screening the general asymptomatic population for chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshepb.htm
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshepb.htm
Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Adults
The AAFP recommends against routine screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in asymptomatic adults who are not at increased risk (general population) for infection.
(Grade: D recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshepc.htm
(Grade: D recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshepc.htm
Hepatitis C Virus Infection, Adults
The AAFP found insufficient evidence to recommend for or against routine screening for hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in adults at high risk for infection.
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshepc.htm
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspshepc.htm
High Blood Pressure, Adults
The AAFP recommends screening for high blood pressure in adults aged 18 and older.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf07/hbp/hbprs.htm#clinical
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf07/hbp/hbprs.htm#clinical
HIV Infection, Adolescents and Adults
The AAFP strongly recommends that physicians screen for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) all adolescents and adults at increased risk for HIV infection.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Go to Clinical Considerations for discussion of risk factors:
http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/hiv/hivrs.htm#clinical
Also See: HIV Policy Statement (August 2006)
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Go to Clinical Considerations for discussion of risk factors:
http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/hiv/hivrs.htm#clinical
Also See: HIV Policy Statement (August 2006)
HIV Infection, Adolescents and Adults
The AAFP makes no recommendation for or against routinely screening for HIV in adolescents and adults who are not at increased risk for HIV infection.
(Grade: C recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Go to Clinical Considerations for discussion of risk factors:
http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/hiv/hivrs.htm#clinical
Also See: HIV Policy Statement (August 2006)
(Grade: C recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Go to Clinical Considerations for discussion of risk factors:
http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/hiv/hivrs.htm#clinical
Also See: HIV Policy Statement (August 2006)
HIV Infection, Pregnant Women
The AAFP recommends that clinicians screen all pregnant women for HIV.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Go to Clinical Considerations for discussion of risk factors:
http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/hiv/hivrs.htm#clinical
Also See: HIV Policy Statement (August 2006)
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Go to Clinical Considerations for discussion of risk factors:
http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/hiv/hivrs.htm#clinical
Also See: HIV Policy Statement (August 2006)
Hormone Replacement Therapy
The AAFP recommends against the routine use of combined estrogen and progestin for the prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal women.
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/ht/htpostmenrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/ht/htpostmenrs.htm#clinical
Hormone Replacement Therapy
The AAFP recommends against the routine use of unopposed estrogen for the prevention of chronic conditions in postmenopausal women who have had a hysterectomy.
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/ht/htpostmenrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/ht/htpostmenrs.htm#clinical
Hypertension, Adutls
The AAFP strongly recommends screening for high blood pressure in adults aged 18 and older.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf07/hbp/hbprs.htm#clinical
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf07/hbp/hbprs.htm#clinical
Idiopathic Scoliosis in Adolescents
The AAFP recommends against the routine screening of asymptomatic adolescents for idiopathic scoliosis.
Clinical Considerations: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsaisc.htm
Clinical Considerations: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsaisc.htm
Illicit Drug Use
The AAFP concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of screening adolescents, adults, and pregnant women for illicit drug use.
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/druguse/drugrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/druguse/drugrs.htm#clinical
Immunizations, Children and Adolescents
The AAFP recommends immunizing children and adolescents using the Recommended Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedules.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedules
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Child and Adolescent Immunization Schedules
Immunizations, Adult
The AAFP recommends immunizing adults using the Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule.
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Adult Immunization Schedule
(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Adult Immunization Schedule
Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus
The AAFP recommends against the use of immune marker screening for insulin dependent diabetes mellitus in asymptomatic persons.
Iron Deficiency Anemia, Pregnant Women
The AAFP recommends routine screening for iron deficiency anemia in asymptomatic pregnant women.
(Grade: B recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf06/ironsc/ironrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: B recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf06/ironsc/ironrs.htm#clinical
Iron Deficiency Anemia, Children
The AAFP concludes that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against routine screening for iron deficiency anemia in asymptomatic children aged 6 to 12 months.
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf06/ironsc/ironrs.htm#clinical
(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf06/ironsc/ironrs.htm#clinical
