American Academy of Family Physicians

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P-T: Recommendations for Clinical Preventive Services

Pancreatic Cancer, Adults

The AAFP recommends against routine screening for pancreatic cancer in asymptomatic adults using abdominal palpation, ultrasonography, or serologic markers. (2004)

(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspspanc.htm

Peripheral Arterial Disease

The AAFP recommends against routine screening for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). (2005)

(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf05/pad/padrs.htm#clinical

Phenylketonuria, Newborn

The AAFP recommends for phenylketonuria (PKU) in newborns. (2008)

(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/pku/pkurs.htm#clinical

Physical Activity, Counseling

The AAFP recognizes that regular physical activity is desirable. The effectiveness of physician's advice and counseling in this area is uncertain. (2002)

(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsphys.htm

Prostate Cancer, Men

The AAFP concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of prostate cancer screening in men younger than age 75 years. (2008)

(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec) Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/prostate/prostaters.htm#clinical

Prostate Cancer, Men

The AAFP recommends against screening for prostate cancer in men age 75 years or older. (2008)

(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/prostate/prostaters.htm#clinical

Pulmonary Chronic Obstructive Disease

The AAFP recommends against screening asymptomatic adults for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) using spiromtery. (2008)

(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Consideration: http://ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/copd/copdrs.htm#clinical

Rh (D) Incompatibility, Pregnant Women

The AAFP strongly recommends Rh (D) blood typing and antibody testing for all pregnant women during their first visit for pregnancy-related care. (2004)

(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsdrhi.htm

Rh (D) Incompatibility, Pregnant

The AAFP recommends repeated Rh (D) antibody testing for all unsensitized Rh (D)-negative women at 24-28 weeks' gestation. (2004)

(Grade: B recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsdrhi.htm

Scoliosis, Idiopathic in Adolescents

The AAFP recommends against the routine screening of asymptomatic adolescents for idiopathic scoliosis. (2004)

(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsaisc.htm

Second Hand Smoke

The AAFP strongly recommends to counsel smoking parents with children in the house regarding the harmful effects of smoking and children’s health.

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Adolescents and Adults

The AAFP recommends high-intensity behavioral counseling to prevent sexually transmitted infections (STIs) for all sexually active adolescents and for adults at increased risk for STIs. (2008)

(Grade: B recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations for risk assessment: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/sti/stirs.htm#clinical

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), Adolescents and Adults

The AAFP concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of behavioral counseling to prevent STIs in non-sexually active adolescents and in adults not at increased risk for STIs. (2008)

(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations for risk assessment: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf08/sti/stirs.htm#clinical

Sickle Cell Disease, Newborns

The AAFP recommends screening for sickle cell disease in all newborns. (2007)

(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf07/sicklecell/sicklers.htm#clinical

Skin Cancer

The AAFP concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of benefits and harms of using a whole-body skin examination by a primary care clinician or patient skin self-examination for the early detection of cutaneous melanoma, basal cell cancer, or squamous cell skin cancer in the adult general population. (2009)

(Grade: I statement)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf09/skincancer/skincanrs.htm#clinical

Speech and Language Delay in Preschool Children

The AAFP concludes that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against routine use of brief, formal screening instruments in primary care to detect speech and language delay in children up to 5 years of age. (2006)

(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf06/speech/speechrs.htm#clinicalb

Syphilis

The AAFP strongly recommends that clinicians screen persons at increased risk for syphilis infection. (2004)

(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspssyph.htm

Syphilis

The AAFP recommends against routine screening of asymptomatic persons who are not at increased risk for syphilis infection. (2004)

(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf09/syphilis/syphpgrs.htm#clinical

Syphilis, Pregnant Women

The AAFP strongly recommends that clinicians screen all pregnant women for syphilis infection. (2009)

(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#post)
(Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspssyph.htm)

Testicular Cancer

The AAFP recommends against routine screening for testicular cancer in asymptomatic adolescents and adult males. (2004)

(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspstest.htm

Thyroid Cancer

The AAFP recommends against the use of ultrasound screening for thyroid cancer in asymptomatic persons. (1996)

(Grade: D recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsthca.htm

Thyroid Disease, Adults

The AAFP concludes that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against routine screening for thyroid disease in adults. (2004)

(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Consideration: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspsthyr.htm

Thyroid Function abnormalities, Newborns

The AAFP strongly recommends ordering screening test for thyroid function abnormalities in neonates. (1996)

Tobacco Use, Adults

The AAFP recommends that clinicians screen all adults for tobacco use and provide tobacco cessation interventions for those who use tobacco products. (2009)

(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspstbac.htm

Tobacco Use, Pregnant Women

The AAFP recommends that clinicians screen all pregnant women for tobacco use and provide 5-15 minutes of smoking cessation counseling using messages and self-help materials tailored for pregnant smokers. (2003)

(Grade: A recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspstbac.htm

Tobacco Use, Counseling, Children and Adolescent

The AAFP recognizes avoidance of tobacco products by children and adolescents is desirable. The effectiveness of physician advice and counseling in this area is uncertain. (2003)

(Grade: I recommendation)
(Grade Definition: http://www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/grades.htm#pre)
Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspstbac.htm

Tuberculosis

The AAFP strongly recommends screening for tuberculosis by applying the mantoux test to patients at high risk for tuberculosis, including those with close contacts to person with known or suspected TB, health care workers, immigrants from countries with high TB prevalence, HIV positive individuals, alcoholics, injection drug users, residents of long term care facilities, and medically underserved low income people. (1996)

Clinical Considerations: www.ahrq.gov/clinic/uspstf/uspstubr.htm
Clinical Preventive Services

Introduction

Clinical Preventive Services (*PDF file)

A

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Alcohol Misuse

B

Bacteriuria, Asymptomatic

Bacterial Vaginosis

Behavioral Counseling to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections

Bladder Cancer

Breast Cancer

Breastfeeding

C

Cardiovascular Disease

Carotid Artery Stenosis

Cervical Cancer

Chlamydia

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Colorectal Cancer

Congenital Hypothyroidism

Coronary Heart Disease

D

Dementia

Dental Caries

Depression

Diabetes

Dysplasia

F

Fall Prevention in Older Adults

G

Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infection

Glaucoma

Gonococcal Infection

Gonorrhea

H

Healthful Diet and Physical Activity for Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)

Healthy Diet

Hearing

Hemochromatosis

Hemoglobinopathies

Hepatitis

Hip Dysplasia (Infants)

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Hormone Replacement Therapy

Hyperbilirubinemia, Infants

Hypertension

I

Idiopathic Scoliosis

Illicit Drug Use

Immunizations

Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus

Intimate Partner Violence and Abuse

Iron Deficiency Anemia

K

Kidney Disease

L

Lead Poisoning

Lipid Disorders

Low Back Pain

Lung Cancer

M

Motor Vehicle Occupant Restraints

N

Neural Tube Defects

O

Obesity

Oral Cancer

Osteoporosis

Ovarian Cancer

P

Pancreatic Cancer

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Phenylketonuria

Prostate Cancer

Pulmonary Chronic Obstructive Disease

R

Rh (D) Incompatibility

S

Scoliosis

Second Hand Smoke

Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs)

Sickle Cell Disease

Skin Cancer

Speech and Language Delay

Suicide

Syphilis

T

Testicular Cancer

Thyroid

Tobacco Use

V

Visual

Vitamin Supplementation

(*PDF file. About PDFs)
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