The AAFP concludes that the evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against the use of supplements of vitamins A, C, or E; multivitamins with folic acid; or antioxidant combinations for the prevention of cancer or cardiovascular disease. (2003)
(Grade: I recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespre.htm#brec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsvita.htm
Vitamin Supplementation
Vitamin Supplementation, for Cancer and Heart Disease
Vitamin Supplementation, for Cancer and Heart Disease
The AAFP recommends against the use of beta-carotene supplements, either alone or in combination, for the prevention of cancer or cardiovascular disease. (2003)
(Grade: D recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespre.htm#brec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsvita.htm
(Grade: D recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespre.htm#brec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/uspsvita.htm
Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation, Prevention of Fractures in Premenopausal Women or Men
The AAFP concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of the benefits and harms of combined vitamin D and calcium supplementation for the primary prevention of fractures in premenopausal women or in men. (2013)
(Grade: I recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf12/vitamind/finalrecvitd.htm#consider
(Grade: I recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf12/vitamind/finalrecvitd.htm#consider
Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation, Prevention of Fractures in Noninstitutionalized Postmenopausal Women
The AAFP concludes that the current evidence is insufficient to assess the balance of the benefits and harms of daily supplementation with >400 IU of vitamin D3 and 1,000 mg of calcium for the primary prevention of fractures in noninstitutionalized postmenopausal women. (2013)
(Grade: I recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf12/vitamind/finalrecvitd.htm#consider
(Grade: I recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf12/vitamind/finalrecvitd.htm#consider
Vitamin D and Calcium Supplementation, Prevention of Fractures in Noninstitutionalized Postmenopausal Women
The AAFP recommends against daily supplementation with ≤400 IU of vitamin D3 and 1,000 mg of calcium carbonate for the primary prevention of fractures in noninstitutionalized postmenopausal women. (2013)
(Grade: D recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf12/vitamind/finalrecvitd.htm#consider
(Grade: D recommendation)
Grade Definition: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/gradespost.htm#arec
Clinical Considerations: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf12/vitamind/finalrecvitd.htm#consider