Rates of C. difficile infection have been increasing, especially among older adults who have recently been hospitalized or who reside in the post-acute and long-term care setting. Patients residing in these facilities are particularly at risk for C. difficile infection because of advanced age, frequent hospitalizations, and frequent antibiotic exposure. However, only symptomatic patients should be tested. Furthermore, studies have shown that C. difficile tests may remain positive for as long as 30 days after symptoms have resolved. False positive “test-of-cure” specimens may complicate clinical care and result in additional courses of inappropriate anti–C. difficile therapy. To limit the spread of C. difficile, care providers in the post-acute and long-term care setting should concentrate on early detection of symptomatic patients and the consistent use of proper infection control practices, including hand washing with soap and water, contact precautions, and environmental cleaning with 1:10 dilution of sodium hypochlorite (bleach) prepared fresh daily.