Rationale and Comments

Sputum cytology is not effective for evaluating peripheral lesions. For peripheral lesion evaluation, consider alternative diagnostic approaches (e.g., image guided needle aspiration).

Sponsoring Organizations

• American Society for Clinical Pathology

Sources

• Expert consensus

Disciplines

• Oncologic
• Pulmonary medicine

References

• Demay RM, The Art & Science of Cytopathology. Chicago, IL: ASCP Press; 1996.
  
• Felten MK, Knoll L, Schikowsky C, et al. Is it useful to combine sputum cytology and low-dose spiral computed tomography for early detection of lung cancer in formerly asbestos-exposed power industry workers? J Occup Med Tox. 2014; 9(14): 1-9.
  
• Katz RL, Zaidi TM, Fernandez RL, et al. Automated detection of genetic abnormalities combined with cytology in sputum is a sensitive predictor of lung cancer. Mod Pathol. 2008; 21(8): 950-960.
  
• Read C, Janes S, George J, Spiro S. Early lung cancer: Screening and detection. Prim Care Respir J. 2006; 15(6): 332-336.
  
• Xiang D, Zhang B, Doll D, Shen K, Kloecker G, Freter C. Lung cancer screening: From imaging to biomarker. Biomarker Res. 2013; 1(4): 1-9.
  
• Usman AM, Miller J, Peirson L, Fitzpatrick-Lewis D, Kenny M, Sherifali D, Raina P. Screening for lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Prev Med [Internet] 2016 Aug. [Cited 2017 July 14]; 89:301-14.