Physical injury

Abdominal trauma (including child abuse)

Abdominal surgery

ERCP

Posterior penetrating duodenal ulcer

Multisystem disease

Crohn's disease

Hemolytic-uremic syndrome

Reye's syndrome

Sarcoidosis

Sepsis

Shock (hypoperfusion states)

Metabolic disorders

Hypercalcemia

Hyperlipidemia

Uremia

Drugs

Asparaginase (Elspar)

Azathioprine (Imuran)

Corticosteroids

Didanosine (Videx)

Estrogens

Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)

Furosemide (Lasix)

Procainamide (Pronestyl)

Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)

Sulfonamides

Tetracycline

Thiazides

Valproic acid (Depakene)

Zalcitabine (Hivid)

Toxins

Alcohol (ethanol/methanol)

Boric acid

Carbamates

Organophosphates

Yellow scorpion bite

Nutritional problems

Hyperalimentation-related

Malnutrition

Rapid refeeding after starvation

Infections

Campylobacter

Cryptosporidium

Leptospira

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

Salmonella typhi

Toxoplasma

Viruses: mumps, CMV, HSV-2, coxsackie B, hepatitis B, VZV

Pancreatic disorders

Antitrypsin deficiency

Cystic fibrosis

Diabetes mellitus

Pancreatis divisum

Pancreatic or ductal anomalies

Biliary tract obstruction

Biliary tract anomalies

Choledochal cyst

Duodenal obstruction

Gallstones

Parasites (Ascaris)

Vasculitis

Henoch-Schönlein purpura

Kawasaki disease

Periarteritis nodosa

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Miscellaneous

Graft-versus-host disease

Hereditary

Idiopathic

Renal transplantation