Drug	Areas of effective use	Adult dosage	Pediatric dosage	Use in pregnancy
Chloroquine (Aralen)	Middle East, Central America (west of Panama Canal) and Hispaniola (especially Haiti)	300-mg base (500-mg salt) orally once a week starting one week before travel, once weekly during exposure and once weekly for four weeks after return home	Same weekly regimen as for adults but dosage is as follows: 5 mg per kg base (8.3 mg per kg salt), to a maximum of 300-mg base	Yes
Mefloquine (Lariam)	Areas of chloroquine-resistant malaria (South America, Asia, Africa, India and Oceania [Pacific islands and New Guinea])	250-mg salt using the same regimen as for chloroquine	[ corrected] Same weekly regimen as for adults but dosages are as follows:	Usually not in first trimester May be used in second and third trimesters if use is warranted based on risk and the pregnant woman is unable to postpone travel plans
			Less than 15 kg (33 lb): 5 mg per kg salt
			15 to 19 kg (33 to 42 lb): one fourth of a 250-mg salt tablet per week
			20 to 30 kg (44 to 66 lb): one half of a 250-mg salt tablet per week
			31 to 45 kg (68 to 99 lb): three fourths of a 250-mg salt tablet per week
			More than 45 kg (99 lb): one 500-mg salt tablet per week
Proguanil (Paludrine; not available in the United States)	Less effective alternative to mefloquine in sub-Saharan Africa; used with weekly chloroquine dose	200 mg per day after food	Less than two years: 50 mg per day	Yes, with folate supplementation
			Two to six years:100 mg per day
			Seven to 10 years:150 mg per day
			Older than 10 years: 200 mg per day
Doxycycline (Vibramycin)	Reasonable alternative to mefloquine in areas with mefloquine-resistant Plasmodium strains or when mefloquine is contraindicated	100 mg per day during exposure and for four weeks after return home	Contraindicated in children less than nine years old	No
			Otherwise, regimen is the same as for adults
Primaquine	Terminal prophylaxis if at risk for relapsing type of malaria or for elimination of Plasmodium species in persons who travel for more than two months in a high-risk area	15-mg base (26.3-mg salt) per day for 14 days before return home	0.3 mg per kg base (0.5 mg per kg salt) per day for 14 days	No
Pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine (Fansidar)	No longer used for prophylaxis Self-treatment if in remote setting or if on inadequate prophylaxis	Three tablets as a single dose	5 to 10 kg (11 to 22 lb): one-half tablet (single dose)	Not in first or third trimesters
			11 to 20 kg (24 to 44 lb): one tablet (single dose)
			21 to 30 kg (46 to 66 lb): one and one-half tablets (single dose)
			31 to 45 kg (68 to 99 lb): two tablets (single dose)
			More than 45 kg (99 lb): three tablets (single dose)