Age	Increasing age*
Body habitus	Obesity, rapid weight loss
Childbearing	Pregnancy
Drugs	Fibric acid derivatives (or fibrates), contraceptive steroids, postmenopausal estrogens, progesterone, octreotide (Sandostatin), ceftriaxone (Rocephin)
Ethnicity	Pima Indians, Scandinavians
Family	Maternal family history of gallstones
Gender	Females
Hyperalimentation	Total parenteral nutrition,† fasting
Ileal and other metabolic diseases	Ileal disease (Crohn's disease), resection or bypass,* high triglycerides, diabetes mellitus, chronic hemolysis,* alcoholic cirrhosis,* biliary infection,* primary biliary cirrhosis, duodenal diverticula,* truncal vagotomy, hyperparathyroidism, low level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol