| Systolic murmur | Turbulent flow of blood through a dynamic outflow tract obstruction. The murmur increases with activities that decrease the end diastolic volume of the left ventricle. |
| Second right intercostal space and/or left sternal border |
| Murmur increases with standing and decreases with squatting |
| May radiate to neck |
| Lateral displacement of apical impulse | Hypertrophy and failure of left ventricle |
| Holosystolic murmur of mitral regurgitation at apex with radiation to axilla | Malposition of mitral valve during systole, which interferes with valve closure |