Abnormal study result	Suggested pathology
Increased creatinine level	Renal disease
Increased hepatic transaminase levels	Hepatic disease
Increased calcium level	Primary hyperparathyroidism or malignancy
Decreased calcium level	Malabsorption, vitamin D deficiency
Decreased phosphorus level	Osteomalacia
Increased alkaline phosphatase level	Liver disease, Paget's disease, fracture, other bone pathology
Decreased albumin level	Malnutrition
Decreased TSH level	Hyperthyroidism
Increased ESR	Myeloma
Anemia	Myeloma
Decreased 24-hour calcium excretion level	Malabsorption, vitamin D deficiency