Test	Sensitivity, % (95% CI)	Specificity, % (95% CI)	Positive predictive value, % (95% CI)	Negative predictive value, % (95% CI)	Positive likelihood ratio	Negative likelihood ratio
Urine clarity (overall)	89.7 (72.7−97.8)	82.3 (75.7−88.9)	53.0 (38.3−67.5)	97.3 (92.2−99.4)	5.07	.13
Urine clarity (catheterized specimens only)	83.3 (51.6−97.9)	86.2 (74.6−93.9)	55.6 (30.8−78.5)	96.2 (86.8−99.5)	6.04	.19
Urine clarity (MSU only)	94.1 (71.3−99.8)	79.2 (68.0−87.8)	51.6 (33.1−69.8)	98.3 (90.8−100.0)	4.52	.07
LE (> small)	82.8 (64.2−94.2)	95.4 (90.2−98.3)	80.0 (61.4−92.3)	96.1 (91.2−98.7)	18.0	.18
Nitrite	27.6 (12.7−47.2)	97.7 (93.4−99.5)	72.7 (39.0−94.0)	85.8 (80.2−91.4)	12.0	.74
> 5 WBC/hpf	86.2 (68.3−96.1)	78.5 (71.4−85.5)	47.2 (33.3−61.4)	96.2 (90.6−99.0)	4.01	.18
Bacteria on microscopy	93.1 (77.2−99.2)	40.0 (31.6−48.4)	25.7 (17.4−34.1)	96.3 (87.2−99.5)	1.55	.17
> Small LE or positive nitrite (abnormal dipstick)	82.8 (64.2−94.2)	93.8 (88.2−97.3)	75.0 (56.6−88.5)	96.1 (91.0−98.7)	13.40	.18
> 5 WBC/hpf or bacteria on microscopy (abnormal microscopy)	100 (88.1−100)	32.3 (24.3−40.3)	24.8 (17.0−32.6)	100 (91.6−100.0)	1.48	—
Abnormal dipstick or abnormal microscopy	100 (88.1−100)	33.1 (25.0−41.2)	25 (17.1−32.9)	100 (91.8−100.0)	1.49	—