Organism	Comments
Staphylococcus aureus	Organism most often isolated in all types of osteomyelitis
Coagulase-negative staphylococci or Propionibacterium species	Foreign-body–associated infection
Enterobacteriaceae species or Pseudomonas aeruginosa	Common in nosocomial infections
Streptococci or anaerobic bacteria	Associated with bites, fist injuries caused by contact with another person's mouth, diabetic foot lesions, decubitus ulcers
Salmonella species or Streptococcus pneumoniae	Sickle cell disease
Bartonella henselae	Human immunodeficiency virus infection
Pasteurella multocida or Eikenella corrodens	Human or animal bites
Aspergillus species, Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare or Candida albicans	Immunocompromised patients
Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Populations in which tuberculosis is prevalent
Brucella species, Coxiella burnetii (cause of chronic Q fever) or other fungi found in specific geographic areas	Population in which these pathogens are endemic