Findings	Disorder suspected	Further diagnostic studies
Snoring, daytime somnolence, obesity	Obstructive sleep apnea	Sleep study
Hypernatremia, hypokalemia	Aldosteronism	Ratio of plasma aldosterone to plasma renin activity, CT scan of adrenal glands
Renal insufficiency, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, edema, elevated blood urea nitrogen and creatinine levels, proteinuria	Renal parenchymal disease	Creatinine clearance, renal ultrasonography
Systolic/diastolic abdominal bruit	Renovascular disease	Magnetic resonance angiography, captopril (Capoten)-augmented radioisotopic renography, renal arteriography
Use of sympathomimetics, perioperative setting, acute stress, tachycardia	Excess catecholamines	Confirm patient is normotensive in absence of high catecholamines.
Decreased or delayed femoral pulses, abnormal chest radiograph	Coarctation of aorta	Doppler or CT imaging of aorta
Weight gain, fatigue, weakness, hirsutism, amenorrhea, moon facies, dorsal hump, purple striae, truncal obesity, hypokalemia	Cushing's syndrome	Dexamethasone-suppression test
Use of drug in Table 2	Drug side effect	Trial off drug, if possible
High salt intake, excessive alcohol intake, obesity	Diet side effects	Trial of dietary modification
Erythropoietin use in renal disease, polycythemia in COPD	Erythropoietin side effect	Trial off drug, if possible
Paroxysmal hypertension, headaches, diaphoresis, palpitations, tachycardia	Pheochromocytoma	Urinary catecholamine metabolites (vanillylmandelic acid, metanephrines, normetanephrines)
		Plasma free metanephrines
Fatigue, weight loss, hair loss, diastolic hypertension, muscle weakness	Hypothyroidism	TSH levels
Heat intolerance, weight loss, palpitations, systolic hypertension, exophthalmos tremor, tachycardia	Hyperthyroidism	TSH levels
Kidney stones, osteoporosis, depression, lethargy, muscle weakness	Hyperparathyroidism	Serum calcium, parathyroid hormone levels
Headaches, fatigue, visual problems, enlargement of hands, feet, tongue	Acromegaly	Growth hormone level