Stroke risk factor	Management goal		Treatments
Hypertension	Systolic blood pressure < 140 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg		Consult JNC 7 recommendations,4 including new data on “prehypertension” (systolic blood pressure of 120 to 139 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure of 80 to 89 mm Hg), which requires aggressive lifestyle modifications.
		or
	Systolic blood pressure < 130 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure < 80 mm Hg if the patient has end-organ damage, diabetes mellitus, or chronic renal disease
Smoking	Smoking cessation		Smoking cessation program, including nicotine replacement, drug therapy, and counseling as indicated
			Consult national guideline for specific treatment.50
Diabetes mellitus	Blood glucose level <126 mg per dL (7.0 mmol per L)		Consult AAFP and ADA evidence-based policy statement.51
Lipid levels	Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level < 100 mg per dL (2.60 mmol per L)		Dietary control, lipid-lowering agent (e.g., statin)16,17,52