AgentHow suppliedDosageSide effectsCost*
GlycopyrrolateScored tablets,† 1 or 2 mgAdults: Start at 0.5 mg orally, one to three times daily; titrate to effectiveness and tolerability‡Constipation, excessive oral dryness, urinary retention, blurred vision, hyperactivity, irritability$ 0.66 per 1-mg tablet
Children: 0.04 mg per kg per dose orally, two to three times daily; titrate to effectiveness and tolerability
Scopolamine (Transderm Scop)Patch, 1.5 mgApply patch every dayPruritus at patch site, urinary retention, irritability, blurred vision, dizziness, glaucoma20.99 per four 1.5-mg patches
Botulinum toxin AVial, 100 U per vialUnder ultrasound guidance, injections of 10 to 40 units into each submandibular and parotid glandPain at injection site, excessive oral dryness521.25 per vial