Modifications	Recommendation	Approximate systolic blood pressure reduction (range)
Weight reduction	Maintain normal body weight (body mass index 18.5 to 24.9 kg per m2).	5 to 20 mm Hg per 10-kg weight loss
Adoption of DASH eating plan	Consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and low-fat dairy products with a reduced content of saturated and total fat.	8 to 14 mm Hg
Dietary sodium restriction	Reduce dietary sodium intake to no more than 100 mmol per day (2.4 g sodium or 6 g sodium chloride).	2 to 8 mm Hg
Physical activity	Engage in regular aerobic activity such as brisk walking (at least 30 minutes per day, most days of the week).	4 to 9 mm Hg
Moderation of alcohol consumption	Limit consumption to no more than two drinks (1 oz or 30 mL of alcohol; e.g., 24-oz beer, 10 oz of wine, or 3 oz of 80-proof whiskey) per day in most men and to no more than one drink per day in women and lighter-weight persons.	2 to 4 mm Hg