Abnormalities in health-related quality of life

Colon, rectal, prostate, endometrial, breast, and gallbladder cancer

Decreased life expectancy

Diabetes, insulin resistance, and metabolic syndrome

Gallstones

Greater risk of psychologic dysfunction

Heart disease

Hypertension

Increased all-cause mortality

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis

Osteoarthritis

Skin changes (e.g., stretch marks, acanthosis nigricans, hirsutism in women)

Sleep apnea