| Cloudy | Phosphaturia, pyuria, chyluria, lipiduria, hyperoxaluria | Diet high in purine-rich foods (hyperuricosuria) |
| Brown | Bile pigments, myoglobin | Fava beans |
| | Levodopa (Larodopa), metronidazole (Flagyl), nitrofurantoin (Furadantin), some antimalarial agents |
| Brownish-black | Bile pigments, melanin, methemoglobin | Cascara, levodopa, methyldopa (Aldomet), senna |
| Green or blue | Pseudomonal UTI, biliverdin | Amitriptyline (Elavil), indigo carmine, IV cimetidine (Tagamet), IV promethazine (Phenergan), methylene blue, triamterene (Dyrenium) |
| Orange | Bile pigments | Phenothiazines, phenazopyridine (Pyridium) |
| Red | Hematuria, hemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria, porphyria | Beets, blackberries, rhubarb |
| | Phenolphthalein, rifampin (Rifadin) |
| Yellow | Concentrated urine | Carrots |
| | Cascara |