Condition	Test	Results	Sensitivity (%)	Specificity (%)	PPV	NPV
Microscopic hematuria4	Dipstick	≥ 1+ blood	91 to 100	65 to 99	NA	NA
Significant proteinuria5	Dipstick	≥ 3+ protein	96	87	NA	NA
Culture-confirmed UTI6–13	Dipstick	Abnormal leukocyte esterase	72 to 97	41 to 86	43 to 56	82 to 91
		Abnormal nitrites	19 to 48	92 to 100	50 to 83	70 to 88
		Abnormal leukocyte esterase or nitrites	46 to 100	42 to 98	52 to 68	78 to 98
		≥ 3+ protein	63 to 83	50 to 53	53	82
		≥ 1+ blood	68 to 92	42 to 46	51	88
		Any of the above abnormalities	94 to 100	14 to 26	44	100
	Microscopy	> 5 WBCs per HPF	90 to 96	47 to 50	56 to 59	83 to 95
		> 5 RBCs per HPF	18 to 44	88 to 89	27	82
		Bacteria (any amount)	46 to 58	89 to 94	54 to 88	77 to 86