| Transient proteinuria |
| Congestive heart failure |
| Dehydration |
| Emotional stress |
| Exercise |
| Fever |
| Orthostatic (postural) proteinuria |
| Seizures |
| Persistent proteinuria |
| Primary glomerular causes |
| | Focal segmental glomerulonephritis |
| | IgA nephropathy (i.e., Berger’s disease) |
| | IgM nephropathy |
| | Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis |
| | Membranous nephropathy |
| | Minimal change disease |
| Secondary glomerular causes |
| | Alport’s syndrome |
| | Amyloidosis |
| | Collagen vascular diseases (e.g., systemic lupus erythematosus) |
| | Diabetes mellitus |
| | Drugs (e.g., NSAIDs, penicillamine [Cuprimine], gold, ACE inhibitors) |
| | Fabry’s disease |
| | Infections (e.g., HIV, syphilis, hepatitis, post-streptococcal infection) |
| | Malignancies (e.g., lymphoma, solid tumors) |
| | Sarcoidosis |
| | Sickle cell disease |
| Tubular causes |
| | Aminoaciduria |
| | Drugs (e.g., NSAIDs, antibiotics) |
| | Fanconi syndrome |
| | Heavy metal ingestion |
| | Hypertensive nephrosclerosis |
| | Interstitial nephritis |
| Overflow causes |
| | Hemoglobinuria |
| | Multiple myeloma |
| | Myoglobinuria |