Glomerular causes
Alport's syndrome
Fabry's disease
Goodpasture's syndrome
Hemolytic uremia
Henoch-Schönlein purpura
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy
Lupus nephritis
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis
Nail-patella syndrome
Other postinfectious glomerulonephritis: endocarditis, viral
Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis
Thin basement membrane nephropathy (benign familial hematuria)
Wegener's granulomatosis
Nonglomerular causes
Renal (tubulointerstitial)
	Acute tubular necrosis
	Familial
		Hereditary nephritis
		Medullary cystic disease
		Multicystic kidney disease
		Polycystic kidney disease
	Infection: pyelonephritis, tuberculosis (e.g., travel to Indian subcontinent), schistosomiasis (e.g., travel to Africa)
	Interstitial nephritis
		Drug induced: penicillins, cephalosporins, diuretics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan), chlorpromazine (Thorazine), anticonvulsants
		Infection: syphilis, toxoplasmosis, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus
		Systemic disease: sarcoidosis, lymphoma, Sjögren's syndrome
Loin pain–hematuria syndrome
Metabolic
	Hypercalciuria
	Hyperuricosuria
	Renal cell carcinoma
	Solitary renal cyst
	Vascular disease
		Arteriovenous malformation
		Malignant hypertension
		Renal artery embolism/thrombosis
		Renal venous thrombosis
		Sickle cell disease
Extrarenal
	Benign prostatic hypertrophy
	Calculi
	Coagulopathy related
		Drug induced (warfarin [Coumadin], heparin)
		Secondary to systemic disease
	Congenital abnormalities
	Endometriosis
	Factitious
	Foreign bodies
	Infection: prostate, epididymis, urethra, bladder
	Inflammation: drug or radiation induced
	Perineal irritation
	Posterior ureteral valves
	Strictures
	Transitional cell carcinoma of ureter, bladder
	Trauma: catheterization, blunt trauma
	Tumor
Other causes
	Exercise hematuria
	Menstrual contamination
	Sexual intercourse