Author (year)	Procedure	Number of patients	Drug/dosage	Myocardial ischemia		Myocardial infarction		Death
				Control	Drug	Control	Drug	Control	Drug
Alpha agonists
Wallace (2004)38	Noncardiac	190	Clonidine (Catapres), 0.2 mg oral and patch	20/65 (31%)	18/125* (14%)	NA	NA	NA	NA
Stuhmeier (1996)34	Vascular	297	Clonidine, 2 mcg per kg orally	59/152 (39%)	35/145 (24%)	4/152 (3%)	0/145 (0)	2/152 (1%)	1/145 (0.7%)
Ellis (1994)39	Noncardiac	61	Clonidine for 72 hours after surgery, then 0.3 mg orally 60 to 90 minutes before surgery	5/26 (19%)	6/28 (21%)	NA	NA	NA	NA
McSPI (1997)40	Noncardiac	300	Mivazerol (not available in the United States), 1.5 mcg per kg per hour	Intraoperative 34/99 (34%)	37/180 (20%)	6/103 (6%)	3/197 (2%)	NA	NA
Statins
Durazzo (2004)32	Vascular	100	Atorvastatin (Lipitor), 20 mg	1/50 (2%)	0/50 (0)	8/50 (16%)	3/50 (6%)	2/50 (4%)	1/50 (2%)