Clinical recommendation	Evidence rating	References
Patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis are more likely to achieve overall improvement with higher dosages (4.8 g per day) of 5-ASA.	B	22
Patients with ulcerative colitis proctitis should be treated with 5-ASA suppositories rather than oral 5-ASA.	B	23
Patients who take chronic steroids for their ulcerative colitis should be screened for osteoporosis, and they usually receive prophylactic therapy with calcium, vitamin D, and bisphosphonates.	C	28
Patients with ulcerative colitis can receive nonpathogenicEscherichia coli instead of 5-ASA to prevent disease relapse.	B	31
Patients with ulcerative colitis should receive an initial screening colonoscopy eight years after a diagnosis of pancolitis and 12 to 15 years after a diagnosis of left-sided disease, and then subsequently every one to three years.	B	1,34