Treatment type		Options
Medical		Analgesics (stepwise approach)
		Antidepressants (treatment of concurrent depression)
		Cessation of alcohol and tobacco use
		Denervation (celiac nerve blocks, transthoracic splanchnicectomy)
		Insulin (for pancreatic diabetes)
		Low-fat diet and small meals
		Pancreatic enzymes with proton pump inhibitors or histamine H2 blockers
		Steroid therapy (in autoimmune pancreatitis)
		Vitamin supplementation (A, D, E, K, and B12)
Endoscopic		Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy with or without endoscopy
		Pancreatic sphincterotomy and stent placement for pain relief
		Transampullary or transgastric drainage of pseudocyst
Surgical
	Decompression	Cystenterostomy
		Lateral pancreaticojejunostomy (most common)
		Sphincterotomy or sphincteroplasty
	Resection	Distal or total pancreatectomy
		Pancreatoduodenectomy (Whipple procedure, pylorus-preserving, duodenum-preserving)
Not recommended		Allopurinol (Zyloprim)
		Antioxidant therapy (vitamin C, vitamin E, selenium [Selepen*], methionine [Uracid])
		Octreotide (Sandostatin)
		Prokinetic agents (erythromycin)