Cause	Initial management	Further treatment options if no improvement with initial management
Acromioclavicular joint osteoarthritis	Activity modification; acetaminophen or NSAIDs	Corticosteroid/local anesthetic injection into the acromioclavicular joint; surgery
Adhesive capsulitis	Activity modification; physical therapy; acetaminophen or NSAIDs; intra-articular corticosteroid injection	Corticosteroid injection, possible surgery
Glenohumeral instability	Activity modification; physical therapy	Surgery
Glenohumeral osteoarthritis	Activity modification; physical therapy; acetaminophen or NSAIDs; treat comorbidities	Corticosteroid injection, possible surgery
Rotator cuff pathology	If small rotator cuff tear: activity modification; physical therapy; acetaminophen or NSAIDs	Corticosteroid injection, possible surgery
	If large rotator cuff tear: may either try conservative therapy, as listed above, or go directly to surgery