Target symptom	Potential comorbidity	Selected medication options
Aggression, explosive outbursts, self-injury	Intermittent explosive disorder	Alpha2 agonists (clonidine [Catapres]*, guanfacine [Tenex])
		Anticonvulsant mood stabilizers (levetiracetam [Keppra], topiramate [Topamax], valproic acid [Depakene])
		Atypical antipsychotic agents (aripiprazole [Abilify], olanzapine [Zyprexa], quetiapine [Seroquel], risperidone [Risperdal]*, ziprasidone [Geodon])
		Beta blockers (metoprolol [Toprol], nadolol [Corgard], pindolol, propranolol [Innopran])
		SSRIs (citalopram [Celexa], escitalopram [Lexapro], fluoxetine [Prozac]*, fluvoxamine [Luvox]*†, paroxetine [Paxil], sertraline [Zoloft])
Anxiety	Generalized anxiety disorder, anxiety disorder(not otherwise specified)	Buspirone (Buspar)
		Mirtazapine (Remeron)
		SSRIs (citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine*, fluvoxamine*, paroxetine, sertraline)
Bipolar phenotype (behavioral cycling with rages and euphoria, decreased need for sleep, manic-like hyperactivity, irritability, aggression, self-injury, sexual behaviors)	Bipolar I disorder, bipolar disorder (not otherwise specified)	Anticonvulsant mood stabilizers (carbamazepine [Tegretol], gabapentin [Neurontin], lamotrigine [Lamictal], oxcarbazepine [Trileptal], topiramate, valproic acid)
		Atypical antipsychotic agents (aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, ziprasidone)
		Lithium
Depressive phenotype (marked change from baseline, including symptoms such as social withdrawal, irritability, sadness or crying spells, decreased energy, anorexia, weight loss, sleep dysfunction)	Major depressive disorder, depressive disorder (not otherwise specified)	Mirtazapine
		SSRIs (citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine*, fluvoxamine*, paroxetine, sertraline)
Hyperactivity, impulsivity, inattention	Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder	Alpha2 agonists (clonidine*, guanfacine)
		Atomoxetine (Strattera)*
		Atypical antipsychotic agents (aripiprazole, olanzapine*, quetiapine, risperidone*, ziprasidone) Stimulants (dextroamphetamine [Dexedrine], methylphenidate [Ritalin]*, mixed amphetamine salts)
Repetitive behavior, behavioral rigidity, obsessive-compulsive symptoms	Obsessive-compulsive disorder, stereotypic movement disorder	Atypical antipsychotic agents (aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone*, ziprasidone)
		SSRIs (citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine*, fluvoxamine*, paroxetine, sertraline)
		Valproic acid*
Sleep dysfunction	Circadian rhythm sleep disorder, dyssomnia (not otherwise specified)	Alpha2 agonists (clonidine, guanfacine)
		Antihistamines (diphenhydramine [Benadryl], hydroxyzine [Atarax]†)
		Benzodiazepines
		Chloral hydrate
		Melatonin
		Mirtazapine
		Ramelteon (Rozerem)
		Trazodone (Desyrel)†
		Zaleplon (Sonata)
		Zolpidem (Ambien)