| Patients with impaired glucose tolerance should be provided with counseling and instruction for weight loss and physical activity. | A | 6, 8 |
| Metformin (Glucophage) is the only medication proven to reduce mortality rates in patients with type 2 diabetes. | A | 5 |
| Acarbose (Precose) seems to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease events. | B | 13, 1719–21 |
| When adding insulin to a regimen of oral medication, oral agents should be continued initially. Long-acting insulin should be used initially, typically at a dosage of 10 units per day or 0.17 to 0.5 units per kg per day, and titrated in increments of two units approximately every three days. | C | 14, 24 |