Finding	Possible cause
Abdominal mass	Neuroblastoma Psoas abscess
Abdominal tenderness	Acute abdomen
Asymmetrical gluteal and thigh skin folds	Developmental dysplasia of the hip
Calf hypertrophy	Muscular dystrophy
Conjunctivitis, enthesitis, oligoarthritis, urethritis	Reactive arthritis
Erythema chronicum migrans	Lyme disease
Erythema marginatum	Rheumatic fever
External hip rotation with hip flexion	Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Galeazzi sign	Limb-length discrepancy
Hepatomegaly, lymph-adenopathy, splenomegaly	Malignancy Rheumatologic disorder
Hip joint flexed, abducted, externally rotated	Hip joint effusion (position maximizes joint volume and relieves pain)
Joint swelling	Hemophilia Inflammatory arthritis Reactive arthritis Septic arthritis
Localized bony tenderness	Contusion Fracture Malignancy Osteomyelitis
Loss of hip abduction	Developmental dysplasia of the hip
Loss of hip internal rotation	Legg disease Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Malar rash	Systemic lupus erythematosus
Muscular arthropathy	Disuse muscular atrophy Neurologic disorder
Neck pain and stiffness, Brudzinski and Kernig signs	Meningitis
Non-weight bearing, painful limitation of range of motion	Septic arthritis
Obesity	Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
Overlying warmth or redness	Inflammatory arthritis Osteomyelitis Septic arthritis
Painless, nonpruritic maculopapular or vesicular skin rash, polyarthritis, tenosynovitis	Gonococcal arthritis
Palpable bony mass	Malignancy
Positive Patrick (FABER) test	Sacroiliac joint pathology
Positive pelvic compression test	Sacroiliac joint pathology
Positive Trendelenburg test	Developmental dysplasia of the hip Weak hip abductors
Psoas sign	Appendicitis Psoas abscess