Agent	Dose	Risks	Contraindications
Activated charcoal*†	1 to 2 g per kg (maximum of 50 to 60 g)	Aspiration, constipation, vomiting	Unlikely to benefit patients who ingested alcohols, strong acids or bases, minerals, iron, lithium, or hydrocarbon
Gastric lavage*†	10 to 15 mL per kg saline instilled via large-bore orogastric tube, repeated until aspirates clear	Esophageal/laryngeal trauma, aspiration, nausea/vomiting, impaired level of consciousness	Unprotected airway, ingestion of hydrocarbons or corrosives, risk of perforation or hemorrhage
Polyethylene glycol (used with whole bowel irrigation)	500 mL per hour for children nine months to five years of age 1,000 mL per hour for children six to 12 years of age	Vomiting, cramping	Unprotected airway, intractable vomiting, gastrointestinal hemorrhage, ileus, perforation, obstruction
Sorbitol (used with activated charcoal)	1 to 2 g per kg	Hypernatremia, dehydration	Obstruction, perforation, ileus