Condition	Diagnosis	Differential diagnosis	Treatment
Posterior tibial tendinopathy	Pain and swelling posterior to the medial malleolus Pain worse with weight bearing and with inversion and plantar flexion against resistance	Deltoid ligament sprain Flexor digitorum longus injury Flexor hallucis longus injury Navicular stress fracture Tarsal tunnel syndrome	PRICEMM Foot orthosis to decrease pronation Posterior tibial tendon strengthening Consider immobilization in short leg cast for two to three weeks
Peroneal tendinopathy	Pain and swelling posterior to the lateral malleolus Pain with active eversion and dorsiflexion against resistance May have a history of chronic lateral ankle pain and instability	Ankle sprain Fibular fracture Peroneal subluxation or dislocation Os perineum syndrome	PRICEMM Foot orthotic Lateral heel wedge Eversion strengthening
Achilles tendinopathy	Pain, swelling, and/or crepitus at the tendon (often 3 to 5 cm above insertion to calcaneus) Recent change in intensity or duration of training Hamstring and gastrocnemius-soleus complex-soleus inflexibility	Achilles rupture (partial or complete) Retrocalcaneal bursitis	PRICEMM Gastrocnemius and soleus stretching Eccentric strengthening program
Flexor hallucis longus tendinopathy	Pain and swelling over the posteromedial aspect of the ankle Seen in dancers or athletes who use repetitive push-off maneuver Pain with resistive flexion of the great toe	Osteoarthritis Osteochondritis of talus Posterior impingement Posterior tibial tendinopathy	PRICEMM Shoe with a firm sole Core strengthening
Anterior tibial tendinopathy	Pain over the anterior ankle Weak dorsiflexion of the foot Caused by forced dorsiflexion	Anterior tibial rupture Lumbar radiculopathy Peroneal nerve palsy	PRICEMM Immobilization in short leg cast Dorsiflexor strengthening