Physiologic

Nipple or breast manipulation

Pregnancy

Pathologic

Hypothalamic or infundibular lesions

Tumors

Craniopharyngioma

Germinoma

Meningioma

Infiltrative disorders

Histiocytosis

Sarcoidosis

Others

Rathke's cleft cysts

Pituitary lesions

Prolactinoma

Acromegaly

Others

Lesions involving chest wall

Breast surgery

Burns

Herpes zoster

Spinal cord injury

Trauma

Systemic disease

Hypothyroidism

Renal insufficiency

Medication-induced hyperprolactinemia

Idiopathic hyperprolactinemia