Diagnosis	Clinical presentation
Ectopic testis	Absence of a testis in the scrotum
Epididymitis	Severe pain surrounding the testis, tenderness, fever, chills
Femoral adenitis/adenopathy	Bilateral, firm, tender nodes; fever
Femoral arterial aneurysm	Older patient, pulsatile mass, no systemic symptoms
Femoral hernia	More common in women, often incarcerated, bowel obstruction
Hematoma	Associated trauma, ecchymoses, tenderness, no change with Valsalva maneuver
Hidradenitis	Draining abscesses in intertriginous skin of the groin
Hydrocele	Mass in the scrotum or inguinal canal that transilluminates
Inguinal adenitis/adenopathy	Tenderness, redness possible, often bilateral, systemic symptoms
Inguinal hernia	Bulge or impulse detected in inguinal canal with Valsalva maneuver or coughing
Lipoma	Soft, asymptomatic mass; does not change in size
Lymphoma	Firm, tender mass; may increase in size; organomegaly; systemic symptoms
Metastatic neoplasia	Firm, tender mass; may be enlarging; systemic symptoms or weight loss
Psoas abscess	Flank or back pain, fever, inguinal mass, limp, weight loss
Sebaceous cyst	Soft mass, nontender, more superficial, no change with Valsalva maneuver
Testicular torsion	Acute onset of pain with a high-riding testis, swelling, very tender
Varicocele	Usually asymptomatic or dull ache, unilateral “bag of worms” in scrotum