| Benzodiazepine receptor agonists |
| Eszopiclone (Lunesta) | 10 | 5 to 7 | 1 to 3 | Sleep maintenance insomnia | Metallic taste in the mouth, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, somnolence, rebound insomnia† | NA ($60) |
| Zaleplon (Sonata) | 30 | 1 | 5 to 20 | Sleep onset insomnia; can be given upon waking during night | Dizziness, headache, rebound insomnia† | $9 to $12 ($40 to $80) |
| Zolpidem (Ambien) | 7 to 27 | 2 to 3 | 5 to 10 | Sleep onset insomnia | Somnolence, fatigue, drugged state, dizziness | $5 ($62) |
| Occasionally sleep walking, talking, or eating; amnesia; increased fall risk in older persons; rebound insomnia† |
| Zolpidem CR (Ambien CR) | 30 | 3 to 4.5 | 6.25 to 12.5 | Sleep onset and maintenance insomnia | Similar to zolpidem | $33 ($65) |
| Benzodiazepines |
| Estazolam | 120 | 10 to 24 | 0.5 to 2 | Sleep onset and maintenance insomnia | Somnolence, dizziness, ataxia, asthenia, rebound insomnia† | $7 (NA) |
| Flurazepam | 15 to 45 | 40 to 114 | 15 to 30 | Sleep onset and maintenance insomnia | Taste disorder, somnolence, ataxia, dizziness, hangover, blurred vision, rarely leukopenia | $5 (NA) |
| Quazepam (Doral) | 30 | 39 to 75 | 7.5 to 15 | Sleep onset and maintenance insomnia | Dyspepsia, xerostomia, dizziness, hangover, headache, fatigue | NA ($32) |
| Temazepam (Restoril) | 30 to 60 | 8 to 15 | 7.5 to 30 | Sleep onset and maintenance insomnia | Somnolence, blurred vision, hypotension, rebound insomnia† | $4 to $43 ($90) |
| Triazolam (Halcion) | 15 to 30 | 2 to 5 | 0.125 to 0.25 | Sleep onset and maintenance insomnia | Somnolence, amnesia, ataxia, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, hepatotoxicity, rebound insomnia† | $6 ($23) |
| Melatonin receptor agonist |
| Ramelteon (Rozerem) | 45 | 2 to 5 | 8 | Sleep onset insomnia | Dizziness, somnolence, fatigue, nausea, exacerbation of insomnia, hallucinations | NA ($52) |
