Initial immediate or delayed antibiotic treatmentAntibiotic treatment after 48–72 h of failure of initial antibiotic treatment
Recommended first-line treatmentAlternative treatment (if penicillin allergy)Recommended first-line treatmentAlternative treatment
  • Amoxicillin (80 to 90 mg/kg per day in 2 divided doses)

  • Or

  • Amoxicillin-clavulanate* (90 mg/kg per day of amoxicillin, with 6.4 mg/kg per day of clavulanate [amoxicillin to clavulanate ratio, 14:1] in 2 divided doses)

  • Cefdinir (14 mg/kg per day in 1 or 2 doses)

  • Cefuroxime (30 mg/kg per day in 2 divided doses)

  • Cefpodoxime (10 mg/kg per day in 2 divided doses)

  • Ceftriaxone (50 mg/kg IM or IV per day for 1 or 3 days, not to exceed 1 g per day)

  • Amoxicillin-clavulanate* (90 mg/kg per day of amoxicillin, with 6.4 mg/kg per day of clavulanate in 2 divided doses)

  • Or

  • Ceftriaxone (50 mg/kg IM or IV per day for 1 or 3 days, not to exceed 1 g per day)

  • Ceftriaxone, 3 d clindamycin (30–40 mg/kg per day in 3 divided doses), with or without third-generation cephalosporin

  • Failure of second antibiotic

  • Clindamycin (30–40 mg/kg per day in 3 divided doses) plus third-generation cephalosporin

  • Tympanocentesis

  • Consult specialist