Standardized odors with five multiple choice options, one is “none/other”

Less than 1 minute to administer

Tear-off card test (disposable)

Validated against University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test

Using cutoff score of 2 (one abnormal result out of three)

For anosmia: negative predictive value, 98%; positive predictive value, 43%

For any olfactory problem: negative predictive value, 42%; positive predictive value, 91%; sensitivity, 82%; specificity, 63%

Test-retest reliability: 0.87

Subset of Sniffin' Sticks, using “coffee,” “rose,” and “cloves” odors

Less than 1 minute to administer

Felt-tip pen (reusable)

Validated against Sniffin' Sticks using cutoff score of 0

For anosmia: sensitivity, 66%; specificity, 96%

For hyposmia: sensitivity, 42%; specificity, 48%