Low increase (less than fivefold increase in risk)

Alcohol use (≥ four drinks per day)

Body mass index (≥ 30 kg per m2)

BRCA1 gene carrier

Chlorinated hydrocarbon exposure

Diabetes mellitus (type 2 for ≥ five years)

Familial adenomatous polyposis

Family history of pancreatic cancer in one first-degree relative

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure

Tobacco use

Moderate increase (five- to 10-fold increase in risk)

BRCA2 gene carrier

Chronic pancreatitis

Cystic fibrosis

Family history of pancreatic cancer in two first-degree relatives

High increase (more than a 10-fold increase in risk)

Familial atypical multiple mole melanoma

Family history of pancreatic cancer in at least three first-, second-, or third-degree relatives

Hereditary pancreatitis

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome