Cardiovascular riskGastrointestinal risk*Recommendation
American College of Gastroenterology 22 Canadian Association of Gastroenterology 24
LowLowNSAIDNSAID
ModerateNSAID plus PPI or misoprostol (Cytotec)
HighAlternative therapy if possible, or COX-2 inhibitor plus PPI or misoprostolCOX-2 inhibitor plus PPI
HighLowNaproxen plus PPI or misoprostolNaproxen
ModerateNaproxen plus PPI or misoprostol
HighAvoid NSAID and COX-2 inhibitor; alternative therapyGastrointestinal concern is greater than cardiovascular concern: COX-2 inhibitor plus PPI
Cardiovascular concern is greater than gastrointestinal concern: naproxen plus PPI