Medication		Dosage	Evidence	Study
Anticonvulsant: gabapentin (Neurontin)		300 mg per day, increased by 300 mg incrementally	Statistically significant reduction in pain	Double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT (n = 44)38
Benzodiazepines
	Clonazepam (Klonopin)	0.25 mg every night, increased by 0.25 mg each week to a maximum of 1 mg per day	Conflicting data showing benefit for reduction in pain	Double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT (n = 20)39
	Diazepam (Valium)	2.5 mg four times per day for one week, then 5 mg four times per day for three weeks	Statistically significant reduction in pain	Double-blind RCT (n = 39)40
	Triazolam (Halcion)	0.125 mg every night	Improved sleep function, but no statistically significant reduction in symptoms	Double-blind RCT, two-period crossover study (n = 20)41
Corticosteroids
	Intra-articular injection (e.g., triamcinolone, methylprednisolone)	Injection of 0.5 mL local anesthetic and 5 to 20 mg steroid using 23- to 27-gauge 0.5- to 1-inch needle	Limited evidence of improved joint function and reduction in pain; should be reserved for severe cases because of reports of articular cartilage destruction	Systematic review of seven double-blind RCTs and two single-blind RCTs42,43
	Systemic	Short course (five to seven days), with or without tapering	Limited evidence; should be reserved for patients with severe joint inflammation associated with autoimmune syndromes	None44
Hyaluronate (avian)		Single-dose vial, with second injection in two weeks	Inconclusive evidence	Systematic review of seven RCTs45
Muscle relaxant: cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)		10 mg every night	More effective than clonazepam and placebo for reduction in pain	Double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT (n = 39)46
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
	Celecoxib (Celebrex)	100 mg two times per day	No statistically significant reduction in pain	Double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT (n = 68)47
	Diclofenac	50 mg three times per day	No statistically significant reduction in pain	Double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT (n = 32)48
	Ibuprofen	600 mg four times per day	No statistically significant reduction in pain; combination of ibuprofen and diazepam was more effective than placebo	Double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT (n = 39)40
	Naproxen (Naprosyn)	500 mg two times per day	Statistically significant reduction in pain	Double-blind RCT (n = 68)47
	Piroxicam (Feldene)	20 mg per day	No statistically significant reduction in pain	Double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT (n = 41)49
Tricyclic antidepressant: amitriptyline		25 mg per day	Statistically significant reduction in pain	Double-blind RCT (n = 12)46,50