Drug	General adult population		Adults 55 years and older
	Global outcomes	Sleep outcomes*	Global outcomes	Sleep outcomes*
Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics
Eszopiclone	May improve ● ○ ○	Improves sleep onset latency and total sleep time ● ● ○	May improve ● ○ ○	May improve some outcomes ● ○ ○
		May reduce time awake after sleep onset ● ○ ○
Zolpidem†	May improve ● ○ ○	Improves sleep onset latency, total sleep time, and sleep quality ● ● ○	○ ○ ○	May improve sleep onset latency ● ○ ○
		May reduce time awake after sleep onset ● ○ ○
Zolpidem, extended release	May improve ● ○ ○	May improve some outcomes ● ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○
Zaleplon	○ ○ ○	Improves sleep quality ● ● ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○
		Probably has no effect on total sleep time ● ○ ○
Orexin receptor antagonists
Suvorexant	Improves ● ● ○	Improves sleep onset latency and total sleep time ● ● ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○
		Reduces time awake after sleep onset ● ● ○
Melatonin agonists
Ramelteon	○ ○ ○	May improve sleep quality ● ○ ○	○ ○ ○	May improve sleep onset latency ● ○ ○
		Probably has no effect on other outcomes ● ○ ○
Antidepressants
Doxepin	○ ○ ○	May improve some outcomes ● ○ ○	May improve ● ○ ○	Improves totalsleep time ● ● ○ May improve other outcomes ● ○ ○
Others‡	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○
Benzodiazepines
Temazepam	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○
Others§	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○
Over-the-counter sleep medications and supplements
Diphenhydramine, doxylamine, melatonin	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○	○ ○ ○