1. In asymptomatic men and postmenopausal women with iron deficiency anemia, perform esophagogastroduodenoscopy and colonoscopy (ie, bidirectional endoscopy).

2. In adult patients at average risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), start screening at age 45 years. In patients older than 75 years, the decision to screen should be individualized.

3. Perform CRC screening with colonoscopy, guaiac-based fecal occult blood test, fecal immunochemical test (FIT) or FIT-DNA test, flexible sigmoidoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy with FIT, or computed tomography colonography.

4. Prescribe low-dose aspirin for CRC prevention in patients ages 50 to 59 years with a 10% or greater 10-year cardiovascular disease risk, with a low risk of bleeding, with a life expectancy of at least 10 years, and who are willing to take low-dose aspirin daily for at least 10 years.

5. For patients who will undergo diagnostic testing for celiac disease, discourage reduction or avoidance of dietary gluten before testing.

Resources

1. Strength of Evidence: SORT C

   Source: American Gastroenterological Association, reference 10

Website: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520348472

2. Strength of Evidence: SORT C

   Sources: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, American Cancer Society, American College of Gastroenterology, references 43, 50, 51

Websites: https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening; https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3322/caac.21457; https://journals.lww.com/ajg/Fulltext/2021/03000/ACG_Clinical_Guidelines__Colorectal_Cancer.14.aspx

3. Strength of Evidence: SORT C

   Source: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, reference 43

Website: https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/colorectal-cancer-screening#tab1

4. Strength of Evidence: SORT A

   Source: U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, reference 79

Website: https://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/aspirin-to-prevent-cardiovascular-disease-and-cancer

5. Strength of Evidence: SORT C

   Source: American Gastroenterological Association, reference 146

Website: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6409202/