Recommend ablation to manage paroxysmal, persistent, or permanent atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients who are symptomatic and intolerant of at least one antiarrhythmic drug, and consider ablation as a first-line treatment.

Prescribe anticoagulants for patients with AF based on the CHA₂DS₂-VASc (Congestive heart failure, Hypertension, Age 75 years or older [doubled], Diabetes, prior Stroke or transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism [doubled], Vascular disease, Age 65-74 years, Sex category) score.

Consider anticoagulants for older adults with AF, rather than withholding them because of age-related concerns (eg, fall risk). If needed, refer patients for physical therapy to decrease fall risk.

Discontinue and restart anticoagulants at appropriate times in patients with AF who undergo procedures that have bleeding risk.

Be aware that frequent premature atrial contractions, previously considered benign, are a risk factor for developing AF.

Summarize guideline-recommended drugs for acute pericarditis.

Describe appropriate antibiotic prophylaxis before dental and other procedures for patients who have had prior infective endocarditis.