Metformin for Improving Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Pregnant Women Who Are Obese - ...
Mar 1, 2019 - This meta-analysis showed no clear benefit for metformin in reducing the risk of large for gestational age infants. Additionally, there was no difference in important secondary outcomes such as gestational diabetes, hypertensive disease in pregnancy, shoulder dystocia, advanced perineal...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0301/od1.html
Post-ICU Care in the Outpatient Setting - American Family Physician
May 15, 2021 - More than 5 million patients in the United States are admitted to intensive care units (ICUs) annually, and an increasing percentage of patients treated in the ICU survive to hospital discharge. Because these patients require follow-up in the outpatient setting, family physicians should...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0515/p590.html
Probiotics for Preventing Antibiotic-Associated Diarrhea - Medicine by the Numbers - ...
Dec 1, 2021 - Learn more about probiotics for preventing antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/1200/od1.html
Acne Vulgaris: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician
Oct 15, 2019 - Acne vulgaris is the most prevalent chronic skin disease in the United States, affecting nearly 50 million people per year, mostly adolescents and young adults. Potential sequelae of acne, such as scarring, dyspigmentation, and low self-esteem, may result in significant morbidity. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1015/p475.html
Effectiveness of Intrapartum Antibiotics for Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid - Medicine...
Nov 1, 2018 - This review concluded that there is insufficient evidence to recommend prophylactic intrapartum antibiotics in laboring women with meconium-stained amniotic fluid because of the lack of difference in rates of neonatal sepsis between the antibiotic and placebo groups.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1101/od1.html
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug Injections for Trigger Finger - Medicine by the ...
Nov 1, 2021 - Learn more about nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug injections for trigger finger.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/1100/od2.html
Chewing Gum for Reducing Post-Cesarean Section Ileus - Medicine by the Numbers - ...
Sep 1, 2018 - Although the current body of literature suggests a need for higher-quality, more robust research, the simplicity, frugality, and safety of chewing gum makes it a viable option to offer women undergoing cesarean section.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0901/od2.html
Gastroenteritis in Children - American Family Physician
Feb 1, 2019 - Acute gastroenteritis is defined as a diarrheal disease of rapid onset, with or without nausea, vomiting, fever, or abdominal pain. In the United States, acute gastroenteritis accounts for 1.5 million office visits, 200,000 hospitalizations, and 300 deaths in children each year. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0201/p159.html
Cannabis Essentials: Tools for Clinical Practice - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2021 - Cannabis use in the United States is increasing annually in people of all ages. This increase is fueled by state-level legalization, decreased risk perception, and increased social acceptability. Cannabis and its active components, cannabinoids, have been studied for medical uses and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/1200/p598.html
The Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Fracture, Dementia, and Cancer After Long-Term ...
Jul 15, 2018 - Long-term hormone therapy decreased the risk of all fractures, including hip and vertebral fractures. However, the risks far outweighed the benefits of this intervention.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0715/p117.html
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Diagnosis and Management - American ...
Nov 1, 2017 - Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, also referred to as diastolic heart failure, causes almost one-half of the 5 million cases of heart failure in the United States. It is more common among older patients and women, and results from abnormalities of active ventricular ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/1101/p582.html
Hyperpronation Method for Reduction of Nursemaid's Elbow - Medicine by the Numbers - ...
May 15, 2018 - Although data are limited, the results have consistently shown a higher rate of success with first attempt reduction of nursemaids' elbow when the hyperpronation method was used. For other outcomes, including pain and adverse effects such as bruising, no conclusions could be drawn ...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0515/od2.html
Out-of-Hospital Birth - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2021 - Since the 1970s, most births in the United States have been planned to occur in a hospital. However, a small percentage of Americans choose to give birth outside of a hospital. The number of out-of-hospital births has increased, with one in every 61 U.S. births (1.64%) occurring out of ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0601/p672.html
Child Abuse: Approach and Management - American Family Physician
May 1, 2022 - Child maltreatment is a devastating type of adverse childhood experience that encompasses neglect and emotional, physical, and sexual abuse (including sex trafficking). Adverse childhood experiences are exposures to maltreatment or household dysfunction during crucial developmental ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2022/0500/p521.html
Combined Inhaled Short-Acting Beta2 Agonist and Anticholinergic Agents for Asthma - ...
Jun 1, 2018 - Although the quality of evidence included in this review was low to moderate, the potential benefits of decreased hospitalization and relapse rates and the comparatively mild and limited adverse events suggest that patients presenting with acute asthma exacerbations are likely to ...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0601/od1.html
Hepatitis A - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2021 - Hepatitis A is a common viral infection worldwide that is transmitted via the fecal-oral route. The incidence of infection in the United States decreased by more than 90% after an effective vaccine was introduced, but the number of cases has been increasing because of large community ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/1000/p368.html
Functional Dyspepsia: Evaluation and Management - American Family Physician
Jan 15, 2020 - Functional dyspepsia is defined as at least one month of epigastric discomfort without evidence of organic disease found during an upper endoscopy, and it accounts for 70% of dyspepsia. Symptoms of functional dyspepsia include postprandial fullness, early satiety, and epigastric pain or...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0115/p84.html
Antibiotics for Otitis Media in Children - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family ...
Jun 15, 2018 - This meta-analysis concludes that the risk of a prolonged course of antibiotics was twice as high for children younger than two years with bilateral acute otitis media than for children two years and older with unilateral acute otitis media, indicating that antibiotics might be ...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0615/od3.html
Acute and Chronic Urticaria: Evaluation and Treatment - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2017 - Urticaria commonly presents with intensely pruritic wheals, sometimes with edema of the subcutaneous or interstitial tissue. It has a lifetime prevalence of about 20%. Although often self-limited and benign, it can cause significant discomfort, continue for months to years, and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0601/p717.html
Palpitations: Evaluation in the Primary Care Setting - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2017 - Palpitations are a common problem in the ambulatory primary care setting, and cardiac causes are the most concerning etiology. Psychiatric illness, adverse effects of prescription and over-the-counter medications, and substance use should also be considered. Distinguishing cardiac from ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/1215/p784.html
Hyperthyroidism: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2016 - Hyperthyroidism is an excessive concentration of thyroid hormones in tissues caused by increased synthesis of thyroid hormones, excessive release of preformed thyroid hormones, or an endogenous or exogenous extrathyroidal source. The most common causes of an excessive production of ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0301/p363.html
Evaluation of Suspected Dementia - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2018 - Dementia is a significant and costly health condition that affects 5 million adults and is the fifth leading cause of death among Americans older than 65 years. The prevalence of dementia will likely increase in the future because the number of Americans older than 65 years is expected ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0315/p398.html
The Pregnant Patient: Managing Common Acute Medical Problems - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2018 - Women often see their primary care physicians for common acute conditions during pregnancy. These conditions may be caused by pregnancy (obstetric problems) or worsened by pregnancy (obstetrically aggravated problems), or they may require special consideration during pregnancy because ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1101/p595.html
Combination LABA Inhalers Compared with High-Dose Inhaled Steroids for Adults with ...
Mar 1, 2018 - We designated the use of long-acting beta agonist inhalers for adults with asthma as having no benefits because of a small potential benefit of questionable clinical utility (avoiding a brief burst of oral steroids) and the possibility of a fatal harm. Find out more.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0301/od1.html
Treating Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: An Update - American Family Physician
Aug 1, 2016 - Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy occurs in approximately 25% of patients with diabetes mellitus who are treated in the office setting and significantly affects quality of life. It typically causes burning pain, paresthesias, and numbness in a stocking-glove pattern that progresses...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0801/p227.html
Ibuprofen vs. Acetaminophen for Fever or Pain in Children Younger Than Two Years - ...
May 1, 2021 - A meta-analysis found that ibuprofen is more effective than acetaminophen in reducing fever and pain in children younger than two years, although further study is needed to evaluate combination therapy, dosing, and use in children younger than six months.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0501/od1.html
Qvar for Treatment of Chronic Asthma - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family Physician
Apr 15, 2018 - Learn the results of a Cochrane review which studied the effectiveness of Qvar in two sets of patients with chronic asthma: those receiving oral corticosteroids and those not receiving them.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0415/p538.html
Hyperhidrosis: Management Options - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2018 - Hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating that affects patients’ quality of life, resulting in social and work impairment and emotional distress. Primary hyperhidrosis is bilaterally symmetric, focal, excessive sweating of the axillae, palms, soles, or craniofacial region not caused by other ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0601/p729.html
Alcoholic Hepatitis: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Apr 1, 2022 - Alcoholic hepatitis is a clinical syndrome characterized by acute-onset jaundice and liver enzyme abnormalities in the setting of long-term heavy alcohol use. High rates of concomitant infections, systemic inflammation, and multiorgan failure lead to significant morbidity and mortality....
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2022/0400/p412.html
The Suicidal Patient: Evaluation and Management - American Family Physician
Apr 1, 2021 - Suicide rates in the United States increased from 20% to 30% between 2005 and 2015, and family physicians need evidence-based resources to address this growing clinical concern. Asking high-risk patients (e.g., patients with previous suicide attempts, substance misuse, low social ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0401/p417.html
Statins in Persons at Low Risk of Cardiovascular Disease - Medicine by the Numbers - ...
Nov 1, 2017 - Despite the small reductions in nonfatal heart attacks and strokes, statins were not associated with a reduction in serious illness overall.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/1101/od1.html
Antiplatelet Agents for Preventing Early Recurrence of Ischemic Stroke or TIA - ...
Mar 1, 2021 - After atherothrombotic ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack, adding clopidogrel to aspirin reduced recurrent strokes but increased major hemorrhages.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0301/od1.html
Migraine Headache Prophylaxis - American Family Physician
Jan 1, 2019 - Migraines impose significant health and financial burdens. Approximately 38% of patients with episodic migraines would benefit from preventive therapy, but less than 13% take prophylactic medications. Preventive medication therapy reduces migraine frequency, severity, and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0101/p17.html
Differential Diagnosis of Polyarticular Arthritis - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2015 - Polyarticular arthritis is commonly encountered in clinical settings and has multiple etiologies. The first step is to distinguish between true articular pain and nonarticular or periarticular conditions by recognizing clinical patterns through the history and physical examination. Once...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0701/p35.html
Specific Learning Disabilities: The Family Physician's Role - American Family Physician
Nov 15, 2019 - Academic underachievement, such as failing a class and the threat of being held back because of academic issues, is common. Family physicians can provide support and guidance for families as they approach their child’s unique academic challenges. Specific learning disabilities are a ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1115/p628.html
Effectiveness of Alarm Therapy in the Treatment of Nocturnal Enuresis in Children - ...
Jan 1, 2021 - This review concluded that alarm therapy appears to be effective for treating nocturnal enuresis in children, but it is uncertain if it is more effective than other interventions.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0101/od1.html
The Adult Well-Male Examination - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2018 - The adult well-male examination should provide evidence-based guidance toward the promotion of optimal health and well-being. The medical history should focus on tobacco and alcohol use, risk of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections, and diet and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1215/p729.html
Probiotics for Gastrointestinal Conditions: A Summary of the Evidence - American Family...
Aug 1, 2017 - Probiotics contain microorganisms, most of which are bacteria similar to the beneficial bacteria that occur naturally in the human gut. Probiotics have been widely studied in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. The most-studied species include Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0801/p170.html
Medications for Alcohol Use Disorder - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2016 - The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends that clinicians screen adults for alcohol misuse and provide persons engaged in risky or hazardous drinking behaviors with brief behavioral counseling to reduce alcohol misuse. However, only a minority of American adults with high-risk ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0315/p457.html
Syncope: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2017 - Syncope is an abrupt and transient loss of consciousness caused by cerebral hypoperfusion. It accounts for 1% to 1.5% of emergency department visits, resulting in high hospital admission rates and significant medical costs. Syncope is classified as neurally mediated, cardiac, and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0301/p303.html
Point-of-Care Ultrasonography - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2020 - Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is performed by a physician at the bedside and is standard practice in obstetric, emergency, and musculoskeletal medicine. When compared with formal sonography, POCUS is equivalent in screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm and as accurate in ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0301/p275.html
Office Spirometry: Indications and Interpretation - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2020 - High-quality, office-based spirometry provides diagnostic information as useful and reliable as testing performed in a pulmonary function laboratory. Spirometry may be used to monitor progression of lung disease and response to therapy. A stepwise approach to spirometry allows for ease ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0315/p362.html
Varenicline for Smoking Cessation - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family Physician
Sep 1, 2017 - Do the benefits outweigh the harms of using varenicline (Chantix) for smoking cessation? Read more to find out.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0901/od1.html
Antipsychotics for Fibromyalgia in Adults - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family ...
Aug 1, 2017 - Quetiapine may be considered for a limited period (less than 12 weeks) to improve pain, sleep, and depression in fibromyalgia, while considering the potential for weight gain.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0801/od1.html
Early Recognition and Management of Sepsis in Adults: The First Six Hours - American ...
Jul 1, 2013 - Sepsis is a complication of severe infection characterized by a systemic inflammatory response. Mortality rates from sepsis range between 25% to 30% for severe sepsis and 40% to 70% for septic shock. The clinical presentation of sepsis is highly variable depending on the etiology. The ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0701/p44.html
Top POEMs of 2019 Consistent with the Principles of the Choosing Wisely Campaign - ...
Dec 1, 2020 - In this article, we discuss the POEMs (patient-oriented evidence that matters) of 2019 judged to be most consistent with the principles of Choosing Wisely, an international campaign to reduce unnecessary testing and treatments. We selected these POEMs through a crowdsourcing strategy of...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p673.html
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2020 - Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is noncardiogenic pulmonary edema that manifests as rapidly progressive dyspnea, tachypnea, and hypoxemia. Diagnostic criteria include onset within one week of a known insult or new or worsening respiratory symptoms, profound hypoxemia, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0615/p730.html
Tenofovir for Prevention of HIV Infection - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family ...
Jul 1, 2017 - The benefits are greater than the harm in using tenofovir for HIV prevention, but cost-effectiveness and personal preferences are critical.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0701/od1.html
House Calls - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2020 - The demand for house calls is increasing because of the aging U.S. population, an increase in patients who are homebound, and the acknowledgment of the value of house calls by the public and health care industry. Literature from current U.S. home-based primary care programs describes ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p211.html
Acute Otitis Externa: An Update - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2012 - Acute otitis externa is a common condition involving inflammation of the ear canal. The acute form is caused primarily by bacterial infection, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus the most common pathogens. Acute otitis externa presents with the rapid onset of ear canal...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/1201/p1055.html