Clinically Relevant Drug-Drug Interactions in Primary Care - American Family Physician
May 1, 2019 - Drug interactions are common in the primary care setting and are usually predictable. Identifying the most important and clinically relevant drug interactions in primary care is essential to patient safety. Strategies for reducing the risk of drug-drug interactions include minimizing ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0501/p558.html
Migraine Headache Prophylaxis - American Family Physician
Jan 1, 2019 - Migraines impose significant health and financial burdens. Approximately 38% of patients with episodic migraines would benefit from preventive therapy, but less than 13% take prophylactic medications. Preventive medication therapy reduces migraine frequency, severity, and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0101/p17.html
Polypharmacy: Evaluating Risks and Deprescribing - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2019 - Polypharmacy, defined as regular use of at least five medications, is common in older adults and younger at-risk populations and increases the risk of adverse medical outcomes. There are several risk factors that can lead to polypharmacy. Patient-related factors include having multiple ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0701/p32.html
Acute Migraine Headache: Treatment Strategies - American Family Physician
Feb 15, 2018 - Migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent attacks. Acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, triptans, antiemetics, ergot alkaloids, and combination analgesics have evidence supporting their effectiveness in the treatment of migraine. Acetaminophen ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0215/p243.html
Gastroenteritis in Children - American Family Physician
Feb 1, 2019 - Acute gastroenteritis is defined as a diarrheal disease of rapid onset, with or without nausea, vomiting, fever, or abdominal pain. In the United States, acute gastroenteritis accounts for 1.5 million office visits, 200,000 hospitalizations, and 300 deaths in children each year. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0201/p159.html
The Pregnant Patient: Managing Common Acute Medical Problems - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2018 - Women often see their primary care physicians for common acute conditions during pregnancy. These conditions may be caused by pregnancy (obstetric problems) or worsened by pregnancy (obstetrically aggravated problems), or they may require special consideration during pregnancy because ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1101/p595.html
Sepsis: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Apr 1, 2020 - Guidelines published in 2016 provide a revised definition of sepsis: life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. The guidelines define septic shock as sepsis with circulatory, cellular, and metabolic dysfunction that is associated with a ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0401/p409.html
Type 2 Diabetes Therapies: A STEPS Approach - American Family Physician
Feb 15, 2019 - A concise way to evaluate pharmacotherapy options for type 2 diabetes mellitus is to use the five patient-oriented STEPS criteria: safety, tolerability, efficacy, price, and simplicity. The first-line treatment option, metformin, is safe and fairly well-tolerated, has excellent ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0215/p237.html
Oncologic Emergencies: Recognition and Initial Management - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2018 - Most oncologic emergencies can be classified as metabolic, hematologic, structural, or treatment related. Tumor lysis syndrome is a metabolic emergency that presents as severe electrolyte abnormalities. Stabilization is focused on vigorous rehydration, maintaining urine output, and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0601/p741.html
Antibiotics for Acute Bronchitis - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2020 - Acute bronchitis is a lower respiratory tract infection, most commonly viral, that accounts for a significant number of health care visits. This review discusses the benefits and harms of antibiotics for acute bronchitis or acute productive cough.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/od2.html
Hyperhidrosis: Management Options - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2018 - Hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating that affects patients’ quality of life, resulting in social and work impairment and emotional distress. Primary hyperhidrosis is bilaterally symmetric, focal, excessive sweating of the axillae, palms, soles, or craniofacial region not caused by other ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0601/p729.html
Treatment of the Common Cold - American Family Physician
Sep 1, 2019 - Acute upper respiratory tract infections are extremely common in adults and children, but only a few safe and effective treatments are available. Patients typically present with nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, sore throat, cough, general malaise, and/or low-grade fever. Informing patients...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0901/p281.html
Short-Term Systemic Corticosteroids: Appropriate Use in Primary Care - American Family ...
Jan 15, 2020 - Short-term systemic corticosteroids, also known as steroids, are frequently prescribed for adults in the outpatient setting by primary care physicians. There is a lack of supporting evidence for most diagnoses for which steroids are prescribed, and there is evidence against steroid use ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0115/p89.html
Stable Coronary Artery Disease: Treatment - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2018 - Stable coronary artery disease refers to a reversible supply/demand mismatch related to ischemia, a history of myocardial infarction, or the presence of plaque documented by catheterization or computed tomography angiography. Patients are considered stable if they are asymptomatic or ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0315/p376.html
Primary Care of Breast Cancer Survivors - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2019 - With declining mortality rates, the number of breast cancer survivors is increasing. Ongoing care after breast cancer treatment is often provided by primary care physicians. This care includes surveillance for cancer recurrence with a history and physical examination every three to six ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0315/p370.html
Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation for Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive ...
Jun 1, 2020 - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by hyperinflation of the lungs, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Learn more about the benefits and harms of using noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for exacerbation of COPD.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/od1.html
Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Diverticulitis - Medicine by the Numbers - American ...
Dec 1, 2020 - Learn more about the benefits and harms of antibiotics for uncomplicated diverticulitis.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/od2.html
Depression and Anxiety Disorders: Benefits of Exercise, Yoga, and Meditation - American...
May 15, 2019 - Many people with depression or anxiety turn to nonpharmacologic and nonconventional interventions, including exercise, yoga, meditation, tai chi, or qi gong. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews have shown that these interventions can improve symptoms of depression and anxiety ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0515/p620.html
Epistaxis: Outpatient Management - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2018 - Epistaxis is a common emergency encountered by primary care physicians. Up to 60% of the general population experience epistaxis, and 6% seek medical attention for it. More than 90% of cases arise from the anterior nasal circulation, and most treatments can be easily performed in the ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0815/p240.html
Blood Product Transfusion in Adults: Indications, Adverse Reactions, and Modifications ...
Jul 1, 2020 - Millions of units of blood products are transfused annually to patients in the United States. Red blood cells are transfused to improve oxygen-carrying capacity in patients with or at high risk of developing symptomatic anemia. Restrictive transfusion thresholds with lower hemoglobin ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0701/p30.html
Buprenorphine Therapy for Opioid Use Disorder - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2018 - Opioid misuse, including the use of heroin and the overprescribing, misuse, and diversion of opioid pain medications, has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. As a result, there has been a dramatic increase in opioid use disorder and associated overdoses and deaths. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0301/p313.html
Newborn Circumcision Techniques - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2020 - Newborn male circumcision is a common elective surgical procedure for the removal of foreskin covering the glans penis. The American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Academy ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p680.html
Type 1 Diabetes: Management Strategies - American Family Physician
Aug 1, 2018 - There is considerable benefit of tight glucose control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Tight blood glucose control dramatically decreases the incidence of microvascular and macrovascular complications. Although glycemic goals should be individualized, most nonpregnant adults ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0801/p154.html
Aspirin after Acute Ischemic Stroke - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family Physician
Sep 1, 2020 - Learn more about the effect of aspirin therapy given within 48 hours of acute ischemic stroke in reducing the risk of death, dependence, or recurrent stroke, and the chance of complete recovery.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/od2.html
Cutaneous Cryosurgery for Common Skin Conditions - American Family Physician
Apr 1, 2020 - Cryosurgery is the application of freezing temperatures to achieve the destruction of tissue. Cutaneous cryosurgery has become a commonly performed outpatient procedure because of the combination of its safety, effectiveness, low cost, ease of use, lack of need for injectable ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0401/p399.html
Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Operative Vaginal Delivery - Medicine by the Numbers - ...
Oct 1, 2020 - Current guidelines from the World Health Organization do not recommend routine antibiotic prophylaxis for operative vaginal birth because of insufficient evidence of effectiveness.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/od2.html
Benzodiazepines for Panic Disorder in Adults - Medicine by the Numbers - American ...
Apr 1, 2020 - Should benzodiazepeines continue to be prescribed during the initiation phase of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors for acute relief of panic attacks? Find out more.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0401/od1.html
Interventional Radiology: Indications and Best Practices - American Family Physician
May 1, 2019 - Interventional radiology employs image-guided techniques to perform minimally invasive procedures for diagnosis and treatment. Interventional radiology is often used to place central venous catheters and subcutaneous ports, with some evidence of benefit over surgical placement. Arterial...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0501/p547.html
Tranexamic Acid for Postpartum Hemorrhage - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family ...
May 1, 2020 - Postpartum hemorrhage is the most common cause of maternal death worldwide. Tranexamic acid is an antifibrinolytic agent that has shown to decrease bleeding in surgical patients and all-cause death in trauma patients. Does early administration of tranexamic acid reduce the rate of death...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0501/od2.html
Antibiotics for Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease - Medicine by ...
Feb 1, 2020 - Prescription of antibiotics for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is controversial due to the variety of etiologies. This review examined the use of antibiotics to treat COPD in outpatient, inpatient, and ICU settings. Read more.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0201/od1.html
Effectiveness of Alarm Therapy in the Treatment of Nocturnal Enuresis in Children - ...
Jan 1, 2021 - This review concluded that alarm therapy appears to be effective for treating nocturnal enuresis in children, but it is uncertain if it is more effective than other interventions.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0101/od1.html
Localized Prostate Cancer: Treatment Options - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2018 - In the United States, prostate cancer will be diagnosed in one out of seven men in his lifetime. Most cases are localized, and only one in 39 men will die from the disease. Prostate cancer is most often detected using serum prostate-specific antigen testing. The National Comprehensive ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0615/p798.html
Branched-chain Amino Acids for Patients with Hepatic Encephalopathy - Medicine by the ...
Jan 1, 2020 - Hepatic encephalopathy is a brain dysfunction that can be mild with minimal confusion, or overt and severe with coma. Learn more about branched-chain amino acids for the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0101/od1.html
Antibiotics for Acute Rhinosinusitis in Adults - Medicine by the Numbers - American ...
Oct 1, 2019 - Because of the relatively high rate of reported adverse effects and the high likelihood of resolution of symptoms with supportive care and symptomatic management, the authors recommend selective antibiotic use in patients with acute sinusitis. Read more.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1001/od1.html
Pelvic Floor Muscle Training for Treatment of Urinary Incontinence in Women - Medicine ...
Dec 1, 2019 - Urinary incontinence is common in adult women, leading to health complications such as rash and urinary tract infections. This review discusses pelvic floor muscle training for the treatment of urinary incontinence in women.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1201/od1.html
Ticagrelor Compared to Clopidogrel in Acute Coronary Syndrome and Stable Coronary ...
Nov 1, 2019 - The authors determined there is no benefit from the use of ticagrelor in patients with acute coronary syndrome and stable coronary artery disease because of the uncertainty about benefits and evidence of potential harms.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1101/od1.html
Management of Chronic Tendon Injuries - American Family Physician
Aug 1, 2019 - Chronic tendon injuries are common athletic and occupational injuries that account for many physician visits. Tendons have a complex biology that provides a unique combination of strength, flexibility, and elasticity but also predisposes them to injury. The term tendinopathy is ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0801/p147.html
Denosumab for Reducing Risk of Fractures in Postmenopausal Women - Medicine by the ...
May 1, 2019 - Denosumab appears to be effective in reducing the risk of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. Treatment with denosumab does not increase the risk of cancer or death but might increase the risk of infection. However, more studies are required.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0501/od1.html
Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Patients with COPD - Medicine by the Numbers - American ...
Jun 1, 2019 - This research fails to determine whether the modest potential benefits of antibiotic prophylaxis in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease outweigh the risk of resistance. Find out more.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0601/od1.html
Dyspnea Due to Acute Heart Failure Syndrome - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family...
Feb 1, 2019 - This review concluded that the individual components of the clinical history and physical examination, electrocardiography, and chest radiography are not useful independently for confirming or excluding the diagnosis of acute heart failure syndrome in patients presenting to the ...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0201/od1.html
Nebulized Hypertonic Saline for Bronchiolitis - Medicine by the Numbers - American ...
Jul 1, 2018 - Despite reported benefits associated with the use of hypertonic saline for bronchiolitis, we have chosen a yellow recommendation because the more recent trials and systematic reviews have shown either much smaller effect size or no benefit at all compared with the older trials. Learn more.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0701/p23.html
Manipulative Therapies: What Works - American Family Physician
Feb 15, 2019 - Manipulative therapies include osteopathic manipulative treatment and many other forms of manual therapies used to manage a variety of conditions in adults and children. Spinal manipulative therapy may provide short-term improvement in patients with acute or chronic low back pain, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0215/p248.html
Metformin for Improving Maternal and Infant Outcomes in Pregnant Women Who Are Obese - ...
Mar 1, 2019 - This meta-analysis showed no clear benefit for metformin in reducing the risk of large for gestational age infants. Additionally, there was no difference in important secondary outcomes such as gestational diabetes, hypertensive disease in pregnancy, shoulder dystocia, advanced perineal...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0301/od1.html
Effectiveness of Intrapartum Antibiotics for Meconium-Stained Amniotic Fluid - Medicine...
Nov 1, 2018 - This review concluded that there is insufficient evidence to recommend prophylactic intrapartum antibiotics in laboring women with meconium-stained amniotic fluid because of the lack of difference in rates of neonatal sepsis between the antibiotic and placebo groups.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1101/od1.html
Combined Inhaled Short-Acting Beta2 Agonist and Anticholinergic Agents for Asthma - ...
Jun 1, 2018 - Although the quality of evidence included in this review was low to moderate, the potential benefits of decreased hospitalization and relapse rates and the comparatively mild and limited adverse events suggest that patients presenting with acute asthma exacerbations are likely to ...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0601/od1.html
Chewing Gum for Reducing Post-Cesarean Section Ileus - Medicine by the Numbers - ...
Sep 1, 2018 - Although the current body of literature suggests a need for higher-quality, more robust research, the simplicity, frugality, and safety of chewing gum makes it a viable option to offer women undergoing cesarean section.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0901/od2.html
Cervical Cancer: Evaluation and Management - American Family Physician
Apr 1, 2018 - Human papillomavirus infection is the precursor for the development of cervical cancer and is detectable in 99.7% of squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma cases. Early detection of precancerous lesions with Papanicolaou testing remains the primary mechanism for cancer prevention. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0401/p449.html
The Risk of Cardiovascular Disease, Fracture, Dementia, and Cancer After Long-Term ...
Jul 15, 2018 - Long-term hormone therapy decreased the risk of all fractures, including hip and vertebral fractures. However, the risks far outweighed the benefits of this intervention.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0715/p117.html
Combination LABA Inhalers Compared with High-Dose Inhaled Steroids for Adults with ...
Mar 1, 2018 - We designated the use of long-acting beta agonist inhalers for adults with asthma as having no benefits because of a small potential benefit of questionable clinical utility (avoiding a brief burst of oral steroids) and the possibility of a fatal harm. Find out more.
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0301/od1.html
Hyperpronation Method for Reduction of Nursemaid's Elbow - Medicine by the Numbers - ...
May 15, 2018 - Although data are limited, the results have consistently shown a higher rate of success with first attempt reduction of nursemaids' elbow when the hyperpronation method was used. For other outcomes, including pain and adverse effects such as bruising, no conclusions could be drawn ...
American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0515/od2.html
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