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Protecting the Health and Safety of Working Teenagers - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 1999 - More than one third of high school students work during the school year, and many more are employed during the summer months. Teenage workers face a variety of health and safety hazards. Occupational injury and illness are largely preventable, and family physicians can play a crucial ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0801/p575.html

Screening for Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 1999 - Screening programs relying primarily on physical examination techniques for the early detection and treatment of congenital hip abnormalities have not been as consistently successful as expected. Since the 1980s, increased attention has been given to ultrasound imaging of the hip in ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0701/p177.html

Prevention and Treatment of Traveler's Diarrhea - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 1999 - Common pathogens in traveler's diarrhea include enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Campylobacter, Shigella, Salmonella, Yersinia and many other species. Viruses and protozoa are the cause in many cases. Fortunately, traveler's diarrhea can usually be avoided by carefully selecting foods ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0701/p119.html

Disorders of Puberty - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 1999 - Normal puberty begins between eight and 14 years of age in girls and between nine and 14 years of age in boys. Pubic hair distribution is used to stage puberty, along with breast size and contour in girls and testicular volume in boys. Some children experience constitutional sexual ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0701/p209.html

Vasectomy Techniques - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 1999 - Vasectomy can be performed by means of various techniques, although each vasectomy technique requires isolation and division of the vas and operative management of the vasal ends. Removal of at least 15 mm of vas is recommended, although division of the vas without removal of a segment ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0701/p137.html

Depression in Women: Diagnostic and Treatment Considerations - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 1999 - Women experience depression twice as often as men. The diagnostic criteria for depression are the same for both sexes, but women with depression more frequently experience guilt, anxiety, increased appetite and sleep, weight gain and comorbid eating disorders. Women may achieve higher ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0701/p225.html

Evaluation and Management of the Child with Speech Delay - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 1999 - A delay in speech development may be a symptom of many disorders, including mental retardation, hearing loss, an expressive language disorder, psychosocial deprivation, autism, elective mutism, receptive aphasia and cerebral palsy. Speech delay may be secondary to maturation delay or ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0601/p3121.html

Cutaneous and Systemic Manifestations of Mastocytosis - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 1999 - Mastocytosis is characterized by an excessive number of apparently normal mast cells in the skin and, occasionally, in other organs. Characteristic skin lesions, called urticaria pigmentosa, are present in most patients, but clinical presentation can vary from a pruritic rash to ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0601/p3047.html

Endometrial Cancer - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 1999 - Endometrial cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, accounting for approximately 6,000 deaths per year in the United States. It is more common in women who are older, white, affluent obese and of low parity. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are also predisposing factors. ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0601/p3069.html

Kawasaki Disease - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 1999 - Kawasaki disease is a leading cause of acquired heart disease among children in the United States and other developed countries. Most children who contract this illness are less than two years old, and 80 percent of affected children are younger than five years of age. A generalized ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0601/p3093.html

Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - American Family Physician

May 15, 1999 - Type 2 diabetes mellitus (formerly called non-insulin-dependent diabetes) causes abnormal carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism associated with insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. Insulin resistance is a major contributor to progression of the disease and to ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0515/p2835.html

HPV Testing in the Evaluation of the Minimally Abnormal Papanicolaou Smear - American ...

May 15, 1999 - Minor cytologic abnormalities of the cervix, such as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS), are vastly more common than high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or invasive cancer. Current guidelines for the management of ASCUS include repeating the ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0515/p2794.html

Shoulder Instability in Young Athletes - American Family Physician

May 15, 1999 - Advertisement << Previous article Next article >> May 15, 1999 Issue Shoulder Instability in Young Athletes BRIAN L. MAHAFFEY, M.D., University of Missouri–Columbia School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri PATRICK A. SMITH, M.D., Columbia, Missouri Am Fam Physician. 1999 May...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0515/p2773.html

Sleep Problems in the Elderly - American Family Physician

May 1, 1999 - Refreshing sleep requires both sufficient total sleep time as well as sleep that is in synchrony with the individual's circadian rhythm. Problems with sleep organization in elderly patients typically include difficulty falling asleep, less time spent in the deeper stages of sleep, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0501/p2551.html

Testicular Cancer - American Family Physician

May 1, 1999 - Although testicular cancer accounts for only 1 percent of all tumors in males, it is the most common malignancy in males between 15 and 34 years of age. Cryptorchidism is the most significant risk factor for testicular cancer, increasing the risk up to 11-fold. A painless testicular ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0501/p2539.html

Stroke: Part I. A Clinical Update on Prevention - American Family Physician

May 1, 1999 - Clinical trials conducted during the past five years have yielded important results that have allowed us to refine our approach to stroke prevention. Treatment of isolated systolic hypertension prevents stroke and is generally well tolerated. New antiplatelet agents (clopidogrel and the...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0501/p2475.html

Malaria Prevention in Travelers - American Family Physician

May 1, 1999 - The prevention of malaria in travelers is becoming a more challenging clinical and public health problem because of the global development of drug-resistant Plasmodium strains of malaria and the increasing popularity of travel to exotic locales. Travelers can reduce their risk of ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0501/p2523.html

Resolving the Common Clinical Dilemmas of Syphilis - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1999 - The diagnosis and treatment of syphilis can present difficult dilemmas. Serologic tests can be negative if they are performed at the stage when lesions are present, and the VDRL test can be negative in patients with late syphilis. Cerebrospinal fluid examination is not required in ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0415/p2233.html

Recognition and Management of Tourette's Syndrome and Tic Disorders - American Family ...

Apr 15, 1999 - Tic disorders and Tourette's syndrome are conditions that primary care physicians are likely to encounter. Up to 20 percent of children have at least a transient tic disorder at some point. Once believed to be rare, Tourette's syndrome is now known to be a more common disorder that ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0415/p2263.html

Treatment Guidelines for Primary Nonretentive Encopresis and Stool Toileting Refusal - ...

Apr 15, 1999 - Nonretentive encopresis refers to inappropriate soiling without evidence of fecal constipation and retention. This form of encopresis accounts for up to 20 percent of all cases. Characteristics include soiling accompanied by daily bowel movements that are normal in size and consistency....

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0415/p2171.html

Medical Treatments for Balding in Men - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1999 - Two drugs are available for the treatment of balding in men. Minoxidil, a topical product, is available without a prescription in two strengths. Finasteride is a prescription drug taken orally once daily. Both agents are modestly effective in maintaining (and sometimes regrowing) hair ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0415/p2189.html

Postpartum Major Depression: Detection and Treatment - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1999 - Postpartum major depression occurs in approximately one of 10 childbearing women and is considerably underdiagnosed. If left untreated, the disorder can have serious adverse effects on the mother and her relationship with significant others, and on the child's emotional and psychologic ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0415/p2247.html

Update on Parkinson's Disease - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1999 - Parkinson's disease is a progressive degenerative disorder of the central nervous system. The hallmark physical signs are tremor, rigidity and bradykinesia. Idiopathic Parkinson's disease is caused by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and nigrostriatal...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0415/p2155.html

Multiple Myeloma: Recognition and Management - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1999 - Multiple myeloma is the malignant proliferation of plasma cells involving more than 10 percent of the bone marrow. The multiple myeloma cell produces monoclonal immunoglobulins that may be identified on serum or urine protein electrophoresis. Bone pain related to multiple lytic lesions ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0401/p1885.html

Adhesive Capsulitis: A Sticky Issue - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1999 - The shoulder is a very complex joint that is crucial to many activities of daily living. Decreased shoulder mobility is a serious clinical finding. A global decrease in shoulder range of motion is called adhesive capsulitis, referring to the actual adherence of the shoulder capsule to ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0401/p1843.html

Diagnosis and Management of Gout - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1999 - Gout is a disease resulting from the deposition of urate crystals caused by the overproduction or underexcretion of uric acid. The disease is often, but not always, associated with elevated serum uric acid levels. Clinical manifestations include acute and chronic arthritis, tophi, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0401/p1799.html

Safety of Radiographic Imaging During Pregnancy - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1999 - Maternal illness during pregnancy is not uncommon and sometimes requires radiographic imaging for proper diagnosis and treatment. The patient and her physician may be concerned about potential harm to the fetus from radiation exposure. In reality, however, the risks to the developing ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0401/p1813.html

Caring for Infants with Congenital Heart Disease and Their Families - American Family ...

Apr 1, 1999 - Congenital heart defects are classified into two broad categories: acyanotic and cyanotic lesions. The most common acyanotic lesions are ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, atrioventricular canal, pulmonary stenosis, patent ductus arteriosus, aortic stenosis and coarctation...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0401/p1857.html

Topical Therapies for Glaucoma: What Family Physicians Need to Know - American Family ...

Apr 1, 1999 - Medication classes historically used in the management of glaucoma include beta blockers, miotics, sympathomimetics and carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Because topically applied medications are more site specific, they are preferred in the treatment of glaucoma. Compared with oral ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0401/p1871.html

Insomnia - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1999 - Insomnia is a common complaint with potentially significant medical and psychologic complications. In some cases insomnia presents as a symptom of another underlying medical, psychiatric or environmental condition. In these cases, management of insomnia depends on accurate diagnosis and...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0401/p1911.html

Vulvodynia and Vulvar Vestibulitis: Challenges in Diagnosis and Management - American ...

Mar 15, 1999 - Vulvodynia is a problem most family physicians can expect to encounter. It is a syndrome of unexplained vulvar pain, frequently accompanied by physical disabilities, limitation of daily activities, sexual dysfunction and psychologic distress. The patient's vulvar pain usually has an ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0315/p1547.html

Taking a Nutrition History: A Practical Approach for Family Physicians - American ...

Mar 15, 1999 - The association between nutrition and health has been clearly documented. Primary care physicians are expected to address nutrition and dietary behavior issues with their patients in the context of a brief clinical encounter. This article proposes the use of a short interview form, with...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0315/p1521.html

Primary Prevention of Child Abuse - American Family Physician

Mar 15, 1999 - In 1993, the U.S. Advisory Board on Child Abuse and Neglect declared a child protection emergency. Between 1985 and 1993, there was a 50 percent increase in reported cases of child abuse. Three million cases of child abuse are reported in the United States each year. Treatment of the ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0315/p1577.html

Pediatric Urinary Tract Infection and Reflux - American Family Physician

Mar 15, 1999 - Urinary tract infections in children are sometimes associated with vesicoureteral reflux, which can lead to renal scarring if it remains unrecognized. Since the risk of renal scarring is greatest in infants, any child who presents with a urinary tract infection prior to toilet training ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0315/p1472.html

Primary Prevention of CHD: Nine Ways to Reduce Risk - American Family Physician

Mar 15, 1999 - Lowering cholesterol can reduce the incidence of coronary heart disease. Treating hypertension reduces overall mortality and is most effective in reducing the risk of coronary heart disease in older patients. Smoking cessation reduces the level of risk to that of nonsmokers within about...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0315/p1455.html

Urinary Tract Infections in Adults - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 1999 - Urinary tract infections remain a significant cause of morbidity in all age groups. Recent studies have helped to better define the population groups at risk for these infections, as well as the most cost-effective management strategies. Initially, a urinary tract infection should be ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0301/p1225.html

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 1999 - Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic, relapsing condition with associated morbidity and an adverse impact on quality of life. The disease is common, with an estimated lifetime prevalence of 25 to 35 percent in the U.S. population. GERD can usually be diagnosed based on ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0301/p1161.html

Herbal Remedies: Adverse Effects and Drug Interactions - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 1999 - A growing number of Americans are using herbal products for preventive and therapeutic purposes. The manufacturers of these products are not required to submit proof of safety and efficacy to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration before marketing. For this reason, the adverse effects ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0301/p1239.html

Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: Not Really a Zebra - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 1999 - Congenital adrenal hyperplasia was once considered a rare inherited disorder with severe manifestations. Mild congenital adrenal hyperplasia, however, is common, affecting one in 100 to 1,000 persons in the United States and frequently eluding diagnosis. Both classic and nonclassic ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0301/p1190.html

Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: Current - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 1999 - Primary nocturnal enuresis sometimes presents significant psychosocial problems for children and their parents. Causative factors may include maturational delay, genetic influence, difficulties in waking and decreased nighttime secretion of antidiuretic hormone. Anatomic abnormalities ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0301/p1205.html

Topical Psoriasis Therapy - American Family Physician

Feb 15, 1999 - Psoriasis is a common dermatosis, affecting from 1 to 3 percent of the population. Until recently, the mainstays of topical therapy have been corticosteroids, tars, anthralins and keratolytics. Recently, however, vitamin D analogs, a new anthralin preparation and topical retinoids have ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0215/p957.html

Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula - American Family Physician

Feb 15, 1999 - Esophageal atresia, with or without tracheoesophageal fistula, is a fairly common congenital disorder that family physicians should consider in the differential diagnosis of a neonate who develops feeding difficulties and respiratory distress in the first few days of life. Esophageal ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0215/p910.html

Evaluation and Treatment of Childhood Obesity - American Family Physician

Feb 15, 1999 - The prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has risen dramatically in the past several decades. Although 25 to 30 percent of children are affected, this condition is underdiagnosed and undertreated. Hormonal and genetic factors are rarely the cause of childhood obesity; ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0215/p861.html

Clinical Evaluation and Treatment Options for Herniated Lumbar Disc - American Family ...

Feb 1, 1999 - Degeneration of the intervertebral disc from a combination of factors can result in herniation, particularly at the L4-5 and L5-S1 levels. The presence of pain, radiculopathy and other symptoms depends on the site and degree of herniation. A detailed history and careful physical ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0201/p575.html

Incorporating Advance Care Planning into Family Practice - American Family Physician

Feb 1, 1999 - Despite widespread support for the concept of advance care planning, few Americans have a living will or a health care proxy. Advance care planning offers the patient the opportunity to have an ongoing dialog with his or her relatives and family physician regarding choices for care at ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0201/p605.html

Primary Care of Infants and Young Children with Down Syndrome - American Family Physician

Jan 15, 1999 - Down syndrome is caused by triplicate material of chromosome 21. The syndrome has a variable physical expression, but congenital cardiac defects, transient myelodysplasia of the newborn and duodenal atresia are highly specific for this chromosomal disorder. Routine health maintenance is...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0115/p381.html

Manifestations of Food Allergy: Evaluation and Management - American Family Physician

Jan 15, 1999 - The term

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0115/p415.html

Flexible Sigmoidoscopy: Screening for Colorectal Cancer - American Family Physician

Jan 15, 1999 - Flexible sigmoidoscopy is an important screening procedure because of its ability to detect early changes in the distal colon. The 60-cm flexible sigmoidoscope provides excellent visualization with minimal discomfort to patients. Successful sigmoidoscopy requires adequate patient ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0115/p313.html

Alcohol-Related Problems: Recognition and Intervention - American Family Physician

Jan 15, 1999 - Early identification of alcohol-related problems is important because these problems are prevalent, pose serious health risks to patients and their families, and are amenable to intervention. Physicians may be able to help patients change their drinking behaviors. The most effective ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0115/p361.html

Hepatitis C: Part II. Prevention Counseling and Medical Evaluation - American Family ...

Jan 15, 1999 - An estimated 3.9 million Americans are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), and most do not know that they are infected. This group includes persons who are at risk for HCV-associated chronic liver disease and who also serve as reservoirs for transmission of HCV to others. Because ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0115/p349.html

Snowboarding Injuries - American Family Physician

Jan 1, 1999 - Snowboarding is a popular winter sport that involves riding a single board down a ski slope or on a half-pipe snow ramp. Compared with injuries resulting from traditional alpine skiing, snowboarding injuries occur more frequently in the upper extremities and ankles and less frequently ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0101/p131.html

Hepatitis C: Part I. Routine Serologic Testing and Diagnosis - American Family Physician

Jan 1, 1999 - Hepatitis C, which is caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), is a major public health problem in the United States. HCV is most efficiently transmitted through large or repeated percutaneous exposures to blood. Most patients with acute HCV infection develop persistent infection, and 70 ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0101/p79.html

Poliovirus Vaccine Options - American Family Physician

Jan 1, 1999 - As a result of the success of immunization, indigenous wild poliomyelitis has disappeared from the United States. Of 142 confirmed cases of paralytic poliomyelitis reported in the United States from 1980 to 1996, 134 were classified as vaccine-associated paralytic poliomyelitis (VAPP). ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0101/p113.html

Screening for Genetic Risk of Breast Cancer - American Family Physician

Jan 1, 1999 - Approximately 10 to 15 percent of all breast cancers are thought to be familial and about one third of these cases are due to an inherited mutation in a BRCA1 or BRCA2 breast cancer-susceptibility gene. The lifetime incidence of breast cancer in mutation carriers is above 50 percent, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1999/0101/p99.html

Sarcoidosis: A Primary Care Review - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 1998 - Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disorder of unknown etiology that most commonly affects adults between 20 and 40 years of age. Patients with sarcoidosis frequently present with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy and pulmonary infiltration, and often with ocular and skin lesions. The ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1201/p2041.html

Appropriate Use of the Intrauterine Device - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 1998 - The intrauterine device, a common form of birth control in the early 1970s, is now avoided by American physicians and women because of concern about complications. This concern is largely the result of the problems reported with use of an intrauterine device that is no longer ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1201/p2077.html

Primary Care of International Adoptees - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 1998 - International adoptees are presenting to family physicians with increasing frequency. U.S. citizens have adopted over 100,000 international children since 1979. Prospective parents may seek advice from their physician during the adoptive process. If available at all, medical information...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1201/p2025.html

Acute Sinusitis: A Cost Effective Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family...

Nov 15, 1998 - Acute bacterial sinusitis usually occurs following an upper respiratory infection that results in obstruction of the osteomeatal complex, impaired mucociliary clearance and overproduction of secretions. The diagnosis is based on the patient's history of a biphasic illness (

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1115/p1795.html

Carvedilol: The New Role of Beta-Blockers in Congestive Heart Failure - American Family...

Nov 1, 1998 - The prognosis remains poor for patients with congestive heart failure (CHF), despite reduced mortality rates resulting from the addition of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors to traditional treatment regimens. Because much of the myocardial damage that occurs in patients with CHF ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1101/p1627.html

Advances in the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease - American Family Physician

Nov 1, 1998 - Management of the most common type of dementia--Alzheimer's disease--is becoming increasingly sophisticated. Differentiation of Alzheimer's disease from vascular dementia has become therapeutically important, since the choice of treatments depends on the diagnosis. Two cholinesterase ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1101/p1577.html

Intrauterine Growth Retardation - American Family Physician

Oct 15, 1998 - Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), which is defined as less than 10 percent of predicted fetal weight for gestational age, may result in significant fetal morbidity and mortality if not properly diagnosed. The condition is most commonly caused by inadequate maternal-fetal ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1015/p1384.html

Oral Contraceptive Use During the Menopausal Years - American Family Physician

Oct 15, 1998 - Few guidelines exist for the use of estrogen, particularly low-dose oral contraceptives, during the perimenopausal years. Use of low-dose oral contraceptive pills in women over 35 years of age provides protection against unwanted pregnancy, maintains a stable hormonal environment and ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1015/p1373.html

Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus: New Criteria - American Family ...

Oct 15, 1998 - New recommendations for the classification and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus include the preferred use of the terms

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1015/p1355.html

Appropriate Use of Antibiotics for URIs in Children: Part II. Cough, Pharyngitis and ...

Oct 15, 1998 - This article summarizes the principles of judicious antimicrobial therapy for three of the five conditions--cough, pharyngitis, the common cold--that account for most of the outpatient use of these drugs in the United States. The principles governing the other two conditions, otitis ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1015/p1335.html

Evaluating Proteinuria in Children - American Family Physician

Oct 1, 1998 - Proteinuria is a common laboratory finding in children. It can be identified as either a transient or a persistent finding and can represent a benign condition or a serious disease. A rapid but qualitative assessment of proteinuria can be made using dipstick or sulfosalicylic acid ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1001/p1145.html

Appropriate Use of Antibiotics for URIs in Children: Part I. Otitis Media and Acute ...

Oct 1, 1998 - Five conditions--otitis media, acute sinusitis, cough, pharyngitis and the common cold--account for most of the outpatient use of antibiotics in the United States. The first part of this two-part article presents guidelines that encourage physicians to make an appropriate distinction ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/1001/p1113.html

Recognizing Neoplastic Skin Lesions: A Photo Guide - American Family Physician

Sep 15, 1998 - Malignant lesions of the skin are common. Patients who develop squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma often have recognizable precursor conditions. A few skin lesions resemble malignancies. Lesions that are growing, spreading or pigmented, or those that occur on exposed areas of...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0915/p873.html

Management of Female Sexual Assault - American Family Physician

Sep 15, 1998 - A sexual assault occurs once every 6.4 minutes in the United States. One in every six women will be raped during her lifetime. Although a woman is four times more likely to be assaulted by someone she knows than by someone she does not know, the majority of these crimes go unreported ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0915/p920.html

Pediatric Vision Screening for the Family Physician - American Family Physician

Sep 1, 1998 - Advertisement << Previous article Next article >> Sep 1, 1998 Issue Pediatric Vision Screening for the Family Physician PETER BRODERICK, M.D., Stanislaus County Family Practice Residency, Modesto, California Am Fam Physician. 1998 Sep 1;58(3):691-700. See related patient information...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0901/p691.html

External Cephalic Version - American Family Physician

Sep 1, 1998 - External cephalic version is a procedure that externally rotates the fetus from a breech presentation to a vertex presentation. External version has made a resurgence in the past 15 years because of a strong safety record and a success rate of about 65 percent. Before the resurgence of ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0901/p731.html

Heat-Related Illnesses - American Family Physician

Sep 1, 1998 - Heat-related illnesses cause 240 deaths annually. Although common in athletes, heat-related illnesses also affect the elderly, persons with predisposing medical conditions and those taking a variety of medications. Symptoms range from mild weakness, dizziness and fatigue in cases of ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0901/p749.html

Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Identification and Management - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 1998 - Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a common diagnosis in obstetrics and carries an increased risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity. Identification of IUGR is crucial because proper evaluation and management can result in a favorable outcome. Certain pregnancies are at high ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0801/p453.html

Travel Medicine: Helping Patients Prepare for Trips Abroad - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 1998 - One third of persons who travel abroad experience a travel-related illness, usually diarrhea or an upper respiratory infection. The risk of travelers' diarrhea can be reduced by eating only freshly prepared, hot foods. Combination therapy with a single dose of ofloxacin plus loperamide ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0801/p383.html

Henoch-Schönlein Purpura: A Review - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 1998 - Henoch-SchÃ¶nlein purpura is an IgA-mediated, autoimmune, hypersensitivity vasculitis of childhood that results in a triad of symptoms, including a purpuric rash occurring on the lower extremities, abdominal pain or renal involvement, and arthritis. However, any of the triad may be ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0801/p405.html

Diagnosis and Management of Common Tinea Infections - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 1998 - The estimated lifetime risk of acquiring a dermatophyte infection is between 10 and 20 percent. Recognition and appropriate treatment of these infections reduces both morbidity and discomfort and lessens the possibility of transmission. Dermatophyte infections are classified according ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0701/p163.html

New Strategies in the Medical Management of Asthma - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 1998 - Asthma, a common chronic inflammatory disease of the airways, may be classified as mild intermittent or mild, moderate, or severe persistent. Patients with persistent asthma require medications that provide long-term control of their disease and medications that provide quick relief of ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0701/p89.html

Treatment Strategies for Premenstrual Syndrome - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 1998 - Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to a group of menstrually related disorders. Premenstrual symptoms sufficient to impair daily activity and relationships are estimated to occur in up to 40 percent of women of reproductive age, with 5 percent of these women having severe impairment. ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0701/p183.html

Diagnostic Evaluation of Urinary Incontinence in Geriatric Patients - American Family ...

Jun 1, 1998 - In most cases, the evaluation of urinary incontinence requires only a history, a physical examination, urinalysis and measurement of postvoid residual urine volume. The initial purposes of the evaluation are to identify conditions requiring referral or specialized work-up and to detect ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0601/p2675.html

Prevention of Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Infection - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 1998 - Neonatal group B streptococcal infection is the primary cause of neonatal morbidity related to infection. It can often be prevented by identifying and treating pregnant women who carry group B streptococci or who are at highest risk of transmitting the bacteria to newborns. Increasing ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0601/p2713.html

Diagnosis and Management of the Adnexal Mass - American Family Physician

May 15, 1998 - Adnexal masses are frequently found in both symptomatic and asymptomatic women. In premenopausal women, physiologic follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts are the most common adnexal masses, but the possibility of ectopic pregnancy must always be considered. Other masses in this age ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0515/p2471.html

Panic Disorder: Effective Treatment Options - American Family Physician

May 15, 1998 - Panic disorder is a distressing and debilitating condition with a familial tendency; it may be associated with situational (agoraphobic) avoidance. The diagnosis of panic disorder requires recurrent, unexpected panic attacks and at least one of the following characteristics: persistent ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0515/p2405.html

Chronic Bronchitis: Primary Care Management - American Family Physician

May 15, 1998 - Chronic bronchitis is a clinical diagnosis characterized by a cough productive of sputum for over three months' duration during two consecutive years and the presence of airflow obstruction. Pulmonary function testing aids in the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis by documenting the extent...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0515/p2365.html

Urinary Tract Infections in Children: Why They Occur and How to Prevent Them - American...

May 15, 1998 - Urinary tract infections (UTIs) usually occur as a consequence of colonization of the periurethral area by a virulent organism that subsequently gains access to the bladder. During the first few months of life, uncircumcised male infants are at increased risk for UTIs, but thereafter ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0515/p2440.html

Office Care of the Premature Infant: Part II. Common Medical and Surgical Problems - ...

May 15, 1998 - Medical problems associated with prematurity are frequently complex, and a multidisciplinary approach is often required. Some common problems include the following: (1) anemia, which can be reduced by iron supplementation, (2) cerebral palsy or mental retardation as a result of ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0515/p2383.html

Management of Dyslipidemia in Adults - American Family Physician

May 1, 1998 - The importance of treating dyslipidemias based on cardiovascular risk factors is highlighted by the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines. The first step in evaluation is to exclude secondary causes of hyperlipidemia. Assessment of the patient's risk for coronary heart ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0501/p2192.html

The Woman with Dysuria - American Family Physician

May 1, 1998 - Bacterial cystitis is the most common bacterial infection occurring in women. Thirty percent of women will experience at least one episode of cystitis during their lifetime. About one third of patients presenting with symptoms of cystitis have upper urinary tract infection. A careful ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0501/p2155.html

Implementing the Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services - American Family Physician

May 1, 1998 - The Guidelines for Adolescent Preventive Services (GAPS) include recommendations developed and promoted by the American Medical Association's Department of Adolescent Health and are intended to organize, restructure and redefine health care delivery for 11- to 21-year-old patients. Data...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0501/p2181.html

Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis - American Family Physician

May 1, 1998 - Slipped capital femoral epiphysis occurs during the adolescent growth spurt and is most frequent in obese children. Up to 40 percent of cases are bilateral. Recent classification methods emphasize epiphyseal stability rather than symptom duration. Most cases of slipped capital femoral ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0501/p2135.html

Lumbar Spine Stenosis: A Common Cause of Back and Leg Pain - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1998 - Lumbar spine stenosis most commonly affects the middle-aged and elderly population. Entrapment of the cauda equina roots by hypertrophy of the osseous and soft tissue structures surrounding the lumbar spinal canal is often associated with incapacitating pain in the back and lower ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0415/p1825.html

Hyperparathyroidism - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1998 - Hyperparathyroidism is a common cause of hypercalcemia. The hypercalcemia usually is discovered during a routine serum chemistry profile. Often, there has been no previous suspicion of this disorder. In most patients initially believed to be asymptomatic, previously unrecognized ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0415/p1795.html

High-Altitude Medicine - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1998 - As more people enjoy the outdoors, high-altitude illness is increasingly becoming a problem that family physicians across the country must treat. High-altitude illness, which usually occurs at altitudes of over 1,500 m (4,921 ft), is caused primarily by hypoxia but is compounded by cold...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0415/p1907.html

Exercise During Pregnancy - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1998 - Exercise has become a vital part of many women's lives. However, theoretic concerns have been raised about the safety of some forms of exercise during pregnancy. Because of the physiologic changes associated with pregnancy, as well as the hemodynamic response to exercise, some ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0415/p1846.html

Practical Steps to Smoking Cessation for Recovering Alcoholics - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1998 - Smoking rates among persons with a history of alcohol abuse are triple that of the general public. Strong evidence indicates that the risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease is higher in recovering alcoholics than in peers who smoke, but do not drink alcohol. Yet these persons often ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0415/p1869.html

Use of Immunotherapy in a Primary Care Office - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 1998 - Immunotherapy has been used for over 80 years. It is a safe and effective therapeutic intervention for allergic rhinitis, but its use in the treatment of asthma is more controversial. Patients with unstable asthma are at increased risk of adverse effects from immunotherapy; therefore, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0415/p1888.html

Office Management of Bartholin Gland Cysts and Abscesses - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1998 - Bartholin gland cysts and abscesses are common problems in women of reproductive age. Although the cysts are usually asymptomatic, they may become enlarged or infected and cause significant pain. Often the clinician is tempted simply to lance the cyst or abscess, since this technique ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0401/p1611.html

Management of Seizures and Epilepsy - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1998 - While the evaluation and treatment of patients with seizures or epilepsy is often challenging, modern therapy provides many patients with complete seizure control. After a first seizure, evaluation should focus on excluding an underlying neurologic or medical condition, assessing the ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0401/p1589.html

Evaluation and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Children - American Family ...

Apr 1, 1998 - Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections encountered by primary care physicians. Although UTIs do not occur with as great a frequency in children as in adults, they can be a source of significant morbidity in children. For reasons that are not yet ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0401/p1573.html

Recognition and Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1998 - Obsessive-compulsive disorder is relatively common; however, its actual incidence has only recently become clear. The neurotransmitter serotonin appears to have a central role in this disorder. Males and females are affected equally, with onset usually occurring in late adolescence. ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0401/p1623.html

Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 1998 - In the United States, prostate cancer is the most common solid tumor malignancy in men and second to lung cancer as the leading cause of cancer deaths in this group. Even though prostate cancer is responsible for 40,000 deaths per year, screening programs are a matter of controversy ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0401/p1531.html

Bacterial Vaginosis: An Update - American Family Physician

Mar 15, 1998 - Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginal discharge. Recent studies have confirmed its association with pelvic inflammatory disease and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Bacterial vaginosis is treated with oral metronidazole (given either as a single dose or a seven-day course) ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/1998/0315/p1285.html