Evaluation and Treatment of Enuresis - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2008 - Enuresis is defined as repeated, spontaneous voiding of urine during sleep in a child five years or older. It affects 5 to 7 million children in the United States. Primary nocturnal enuresis is caused by a disparity between bladder capacity and nocturnal urine production and failure of ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0815/p489.html
Atypical Presentations of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2008 - Gastroesophageal reflux disease typically manifests as heartburn and regurgitation, but it may also present with atypical or extraesophageal symptoms, including asthma, chronic cough, laryngitis, hoarseness, chronic sore throat, dental erosions, and noncardiac chest pain. Diagnosing ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0815/p483.html
Spontaneous Vaginal Delivery - American Family Physician
Aug 1, 2008 - Vaginal delivery is a natural process that usually does not require significant medical intervention. Management guided by current knowledge of the relevant screening tests and normal labor process can greatly increase the probability of an uncomplicated delivery and postpartum course. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0801/p336.html
Diabetic Foot Infection - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2008 - Foot infections are common in patients with diabetes and are associated with high morbidity and risk of lower extremity amputation. Diabetic foot infections are classified as mild, moderate, or severe. Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus and beta-hemolytic ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0701/p71.html
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2008 - The National High Blood Pressure Education Program Working Group on High Blood Pressure in Pregnancy has defined four categories of hypertension in pregnancy: chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, and preeclampsia superimposed on chronic hypertension. A maternal ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0701/p93.html
APA Releases Guidelines on Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder - Practice Guidelines...
Jul 1, 2008 - In 2007, the American Psychiatric Association (APA) published treatment recommendations for obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Management of OCD can involve many therapeutic actions depending on the needs, capacities, and desires of the patient.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0701/p131.html
Venous Thromboembolism During Pregnancy - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2008 - Venous thromboembolism is the leading cause of maternal death in the United States. Pregnancy is a risk factor for deep venous thrombosis, and risk is further increased with a personal or family history of thrombosis or thrombophilia. Screening for thrombophilia is not recommended for ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0615/p1709.html
Gastrointestinal Complications of Diabetes - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2008 - Gastrointestinal complications of diabetes include gastroparesis, intestinal enteropathy (which can cause diarrhea, constipation, and fecal incontinence), and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Patients with gastroparesis may present with early satiety, nausea, vomiting, bloating, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0615/p1697.html
Food Allergies: Detection and Management - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2008 - Family physicians play a central role in the suspicion and diagnosis of immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergies, but they are also critical in redirecting the evaluation for symptoms that patients are falsely attributing to allergies. Although any food is a potential allergen, more ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0615/p1678.html
ACC/AHA Release Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation for Noncardiac ...
Jun 15, 2008 - The American College of Cardiology (ACC) and the American Heart Association (AHA) have created guidelines on perioperative cardiovascular evaluation and care for patients undergoing noncardiac surgery in order to provide an outline for considering cardiac risk in a variety of patients ...
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0615/p1748.html
Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2008 - The etiology of chronic pelvic pain in women is poorly understood. Although a specific diagnosis is not found in the majority of cases, some common diagnoses include endometriosis, adhesions, irritable bowel syndrome, and interstitial cystitis. The initial history and physical ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0601/p1535.html
ACP Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Low Back Pain - Practice Guidelines -...
Jun 1, 2008 - To address the issue of the evaluation and management of low back pain, the American College of Physicians (ACP) created a guideline consisting of seven key recommendations for diagnosing and treating low back pain in the primary care setting.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0601/p1607.html
A Practical Approach to Neonatal Jaundice - American Family Physician
May 1, 2008 - Kernicterus and neurologic sequelae caused by severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia are preventable conditions. A structured and practical approach to the identification and care of infants with jaundice can facilitate prevention, thus decreasing rates of morbidity and mortality. Primary ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0501/p1255.html
Trigeminal Neuralgia - American Family Physician
May 1, 2008 - Trigeminal neuralgia is an uncommon disorder characterized by recurrent attacks of lancinating pain in the trigeminal nerve distribution. Typically, brief attacks are triggered by talking, chewing, teeth brushing, shaving, a light touch, or even a cool breeze. The pain is nearly always ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0501/p1291.html
Managing Hypertension Using Combination Therapy - American Family Physician
May 1, 2008 - Combination therapy of hypertension with separate agents or a fixed-dose combination pill offers the potential to lower blood pressure more quickly, obtain target blood pressure, and decrease adverse effects. Antihypertensive agents from different classes may offset adverse reactions ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0501/p1279.html
Diagnosis of Appendicitis: Part II. Laboratory and Imaging Tests - Point-of-Care Guides...
Apr 15, 2008 - Although individual signs and symptoms are of limited value in the diagnosis of appendicitis, the Alvarado (also known as the MANTRELS [Migration of pain to the right lower quadrant, Anorexia, Nausea/vomiting, Tenderness in the right lower quadrant, Rebound pain, Elevation of ...
American Family Physician : Point-of-Care Guides
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0415/p1153.html
Evaluation of Acute Abdominal Pain in Adults - American Family Physician
Apr 1, 2008 - Acute abdominal pain can represent a spectrum of conditions from benign and self-limited disease to surgical emergencies. Evaluating abdominal pain requires an approach that relies on the likelihood of disease, patient history, physical examination, laboratory tests, and imaging ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0401/p971.html
Diagnosis of Ear Pain - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2008 - Many patients in primary care present with ear pain (otalgia). When the ear is the source of the pain (primary otalgia), the ear examination is usually abnormal. When the ear is not the source of the pain (secondary otalgia), the ear examination is typically normal. The cause of primary...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0301/p621.html
AHA Publishes Statement on Drug Therapy for Lipid Abnormalities in Children and ...
Mar 1, 2008 - The American Heart Association (AHA) has published a scientific statement on drug therapy for the treatment of high-risk lipid abnormalities in children and adolescents.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0301/p694.html
Are Long-acting Insulin Analogues Better Than Isophane Insulin? - Cochrane for ...
Feb 15, 2008 - Based on poor quality evidence, this review suggests that insulin glargine and insulin detemir have no advantage over isophane insulin in reducing A1C levels. In one study, isophane insulin reduced A1C levels slightly more than insulin detemir. However, patients on insulin glargine and ...
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0215/p447.html
End-of-Life Care: Guidelines for Patient-Centered Communication - American Family ...
Jan 15, 2008 - When patients are diagnosed with cancer, primary care physicians often must deliver the bad news, discuss the prognosis, and make appropriate referrals. When delivering bad news, it is important to prioritize the key points that the patient should retain. Physicians should assess the ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2008/0115/p167.html
Differential Diagnosis of the Swollen Red Eyelid - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2007 - The differential diagnosis of eyelid erythema and edema is broad, ranging from benign, self-limiting dermatoses to malignant tumors and vision-threatening infections. A definitive diagnosis usually can be made on physical examination of the eyelid and a careful evaluation of symptoms ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1215/p1815.html
Celiac Disease - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2007 - As many as one in every 100 to 200 persons in the United States has celiac disease, a condition resulting from an inappropriate immune response to the dietary protein gluten. The manifestations of celiac disease range from no symptoms to overt malabsorption with involvement of multiple ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1215/p1795.html
Diagnosis and Treatment of Otitis Media - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2007 - Diagnostic criteria for acute otitis media include rapid onset of symptoms, middle ear effusion, and signs and symptoms of middle ear inflammation. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis are the most common bacterial isolates from the middle ear ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1201/p1650.html
Evaluation of Back Pain in Children and Adolescents - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2007 - Back pain is fairly prevalent in healthy children and adolescents. When children or adolescents seek medical care for back pain, it is highly likely that underlying pathology will be identified. Common causes of back pain include nonspecific pain or muscle strain, herniated disk, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1201/p1669.html
The Physical Therapy Prescription - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2007 - Numerous guidelines recommend physical therapy for the management of musculoskeletal conditions. However, specific recommendations are lacking concerning which exercises and adjunct modalities to use. Physical therapists use various techniques to reduce pain and improve mobility and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1201/p1661.html
Chronic Pancreatitis - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2007 - Chronic pancreatitis is the progressive and permanent destruction of the pancreas resulting in exocrine and endocrine insufficiency and, often, chronic disabling pain. The etiology is multifactorial. Alcoholism plays a significant role in adults, whereas genetic and structural defects ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1201/p1679.html
Metastatic Carcinoma of the Long Bones - American Family Physician
Nov 15, 2007 - Breast, prostate, renal, thyroid, and lung carcinomas commonly metastasize to bone. Managing skeletal metastatic disease can be complex. Pain is the most common presenting symptom and requires thorough radiographic and laboratory evaluation. If plain-film radiography is not sufficient ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1115/p1489.html
Ulcerative Colitis: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2007 - Ulcerative colitis is a chronic disease with recurrent symptoms and significant morbidity. The precise etiology is still unknown. As many as 25 percent of patients with ulcerative colitis have extraintestinal manifestations. The diagnosis is made endoscopically. Tests such as ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1101/p1323.html
Respiratory Distress in the Newborn - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2007 - The most common etiology of neonatal respiratory distress is transient tachypnea of the newborn; this is triggered by excessive lung fluid, and symptoms usually resolve spontaneously. Respiratory distress syndrome can occur in premature infants as a result of surfactant deficiency and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1001/p987.html
Peptic Ulcer Disease - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2007 - Peptic ulcer disease usually occurs in the stomach and proximal duodenum. The predominant causes in the United States are infection with Helicobacter pylori and use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Symptoms of peptic ulcer disease include epigastric discomfort (specifically, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/1001/p1005.html
Treatment of Lateral Epicondylitis - American Family Physician
Sep 15, 2007 - Lateral epicondylitis is a common overuse syndrome of the extensor tendons of the forearm. It is sometimes called tennis elbow, although it can occur with many activities. The condition affects men and women equally and is more common in persons 40 years or older. Despite the prevalence...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0915/p843.html
Treatment Options for Insomnia - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2007 - The frequency of sleep disruption and the degree to which insomnia significantly affects daytime function determine the need for evaluation and treatment. Physicians may initiate treatment of insomnia at an initial visit; for patients with a clear acute stressor such as grief, no ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0815/p517.html
Updated AAP Guidelines on Newborn Screening and Therapy for Congenital Hypothyroidism -...
Aug 1, 2007 - Guidelines on newborn screening and therapy for congenital hypothyroidism have been released by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). Congenital hypothyroidism can cause mental retardation unless thyroid therapy is initiated within two weeks of birth.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0801/p439.html
Evaluation of Nausea and Vomiting - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2007 - A comprehensive history and physical examination can often reveal the cause of nausea and vomiting, making further evaluation unnecessary. Acute symptoms generally are the result of infectious, inflammatory, or iatrogenic causes. Most infections are self-limiting and require minimal ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0701/p76.html
Evaluating Fever of Unidentifiable Source in Young Children - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2007 - Most children will have been evaluated for a febrile illness by 36 months of age. Although the majority will have a self-limited viral illness, studies done before the use of Haemophilus influenzae type b and Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccines showed that approximately 10 percent of ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0615/p1805.html
Cardiovascular Risk Reduction in Children - Practice Guidelines - American Family ...
Jun 15, 2007 - A growing body of literature points to the significance of premature cardiovascular disease in certain childhood diagnoses and emphasizes the importance of risk reduction by disease stratification.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0615/p1873.html
Acute Pancreatitis: Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Treatment - American Family Physician
May 15, 2007 - Mild acute pancreatitis has a low mortality rate, but patients with severe acute pancreatitis are more likely to develop complications and have a much higher death rate. Although serum amylase and lipase levels remain the most widely used diagnostic assays for acute pancreatitis, other ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0515/p1513.html
Management of Hypertriglyceridemia - American Family Physician
May 1, 2007 - Hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events and acute pancreatitis. Along with lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and raising high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, lowering triglyceride levels in high-risk patients (e.g., ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0501/p1365.html
Pleurisy - American Family Physician
May 1, 2007 - Pleuritic chest pain is a common presenting symptom and has many causes, which range from life-threatening to benign, self-limited conditions. Pulmonary embolism is the most common potentially life-threatening cause, found in 5 to 20 percent of patients who present to the emergency ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0501/p1357.html
Late Pregnancy Bleeding - American Family Physician
Apr 15, 2007 - Effective management of vaginal bleeding in late pregnancy requires recognition of potentially serious conditions, including placenta previa, placental abruption, and vasa previa. Placenta previa is commonly diagnosed on routine ultrasonography before 20 weeks' gestation, but in nearly ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0415/p1199.html
Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging - American Family Physician
Apr 15, 2007 - Noninvasive cardiac imaging can be used for the diagnostic and prognostic assessment of patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease. It is central to the treatment of patients with myocardial infarction, coronary artery disease, or acute coronary syndromes with or without ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0415/p1219.html
Prevention and Management of Postpartum Hemorrhage - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2007 - Postpartum hemorrhage, the loss of more than 500 mL of blood after delivery, occurs in up to 18 percent of births and is the most common maternal morbidity in developed countries. Although risk factors and preventive strategies are dearly documented, not all cases are expected or ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0315/p875.html
Iron Deficiency Anemia - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2007 - The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia is 2 percent in adult men, 9 to 12 percent in non-Hispanic white women, and nearly 20 percent in black and Mexican-American women. Nine percent of patients older than 65 years with iron deficiency anemia have a gastrointestinal cancer when ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0301/p671.html
Preparation of the Cardiac Patient for Noncardiac Surgery - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2007 - Approximately 20 to 40 percent of patients at high risk of cardiac-related morbidity develop myocardial ischemia perioperatively. The preferred approach to diagnostic evaluation depends on the interactions of patient-specific risk factors, surgery-specific risk factors, and exercise ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0301/p656.html
Guidelines for Treating Adults with Acute Cough - Editorials - American Family Physician
Feb 15, 2007 - Advertisement << Previous article Next article >> Feb 15, 2007 Issue Editorials Guidelines for Treating Adults with Acute Cough RICHARD S. IRWIN, M.D., University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts Am Fam Physician. 2007 Feb 15;75(4):476-482. Related Article...
American Family Physician : Editorials
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0215/p476.html
Lung Cancer: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Jan 1, 2007 - Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, with an average five-year survival rate of 15 percent. Smoking remains the predominant risk factor for lung cancer. Lung cancers are categorized as small cell carcinoma or non-small cell carcinoma (e.g., ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2007/0101/p56.html
Parkinson's Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2006 - Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disorder that can cause significant disability and decreased quality of life. The cardinal physical signs of the disease are distal resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and asymmetric onset. Levodopa is the primary treatment for ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/1215/p2046.html
Testicular Torsion - American Family Physician
Nov 15, 2006 - Each year, testicular torsion affects one in 4,000 males younger than 25 years. Early diagnosis and definitive management are the keys to avoid testicular loss. All prepubertal and young adult males with acute scrotal pain should be considered to have testicular torsion until proven ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/1115/p1739.html
Diagnosis of Acute Abdominal Pain in Older Patients - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2006 - Acute abdominal pain is a common presenting complaint in older patients. Presentation may differ from that of the younger patient and is often complicated by coexistent disease, delays in presentation, and physical and social barriers. The physical examination can be misleadingly ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/1101/p1537.html
A Practical Guide to Crisis Management - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2006 - Family physicians often treat patients who are experiencing psychological or medical crises. Any event perceived as overwhelming by the patient may trigger a crisis reaction consisting of psychological and physiological symptoms. Physicians are encouraged to assist patients who are ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/1001/p1159.html
Cirrhosis and Chronic Liver Failure: Part I. Diagnosis and Evaluation - American Family...
Sep 1, 2006 - Cirrhosis and chronic liver failure are leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States, with the majority of preventable cases attributed to excessive alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis, or nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Cirrhosis often is an indolent disease; most ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0901/p756.html
Cirrhosis and Chronic Liver Failure: Part II. Complications and Treatment - American ...
Sep 1, 2006 - Major complications of cirrhosis include ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatic encephalopathy, portal hypertension, variceal bleeding, and hepatorenal syndrome. Diagnostic studies on ascitic fluid should include a differential leukocyte count, total protein level, a ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0901/p767.html
Digoxin Therapy for Heart Failure: An Update - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2006 - Digoxin therapy has long been used to treat heart failure; however, its effectiveness was not completely known until recently. Results of the Digitalis Investigation Group trial showed that adding digoxin to standard heart failure therapy had no effect on mortality. However, adding ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0815/p613.html
Interventions to Facilitate Smoking Cessation - American Family Physician
Jul 15, 2006 - Tobacco use, primarily cigarette smoking, is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality in the United States, and nearly one third of those who try a cigarette become addicted to nicotine. Family physicians, who see most of these patients in their offices every year, have ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0715/p262.html
Initiating Hormonal Contraception - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2006 - Most women can safely begin taking hormonal birth control products immediately after an office visit, at any point in the menstrual cycle. Because hormonal contraceptives do not accelerate cervical neoplasia or interfere with cervical cytology, women who have not had a recent ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0701/p105.html
Medical Management of Common Urinary Calculi - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2006 - Nephrolithiasis is a common condition affecting nearly 5 percent of U.S. men and women during their lifetimes. Recurrent calculi can be prevented in most patients by the use of a simplified evaluation, reasonable dietary and fluid recommendations, and directed pharmacologic ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0701/p86.html
AGA Releases Updated Recommendations on Dyspepsia - Practice Guidelines - American ...
Jul 1, 2006 - The American Gastroenterological Association (AGA) has released a position statement to reflect new evidence on the evaluation of dyspepsia. The AGA defines dyspepsia as chronic or recurrent pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0701/p185.html
Esophageal Cancer: A Review and Update - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2006 - Although significant advancements have been made in the treatment of esophageal cancer, this aggressive malignancy commonly presents as locally advanced disease with a poor prognosis. Despite improvements in the detection of premalignant pathology, newer preventative strategies, and the...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0615/p2187.html
Management of Hip Fracture: The Family Physician's Role - American Family Physician
Jun 15, 2006 - The incidence of hip fracture is expected to increase as the population ages. One in five persons dies in the first year after sustaining a hip fracture, and those who survive past one year may have significant functional limitation. Although surgery is the main treatment for hip ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0615/p2195.html
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease - American Family Physician
Jun 1, 2006 - Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a common condition associated with metabolic syndrome. It is the most common cause of elevated liver enzymes in U.S. adults, and is diagnosed after ruling out other causes of steatosis (fatty infiltration of liver), particularly infectious hepatitis ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0601/p1961.html
Assessment of Microscopic Hematuria in Adults - American Family Physician
May 15, 2006 - Microscopic hematuria, a common finding on routine urinalysis of adults, is clinically significant when three to five red blood cells per high-power field are visible. Etiologies of microscopic hematuria range from incidental causes to life-threatening urinary tract neoplasm. The lack ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0515/p1748.html
Thyroiditis - American Family Physician
May 15, 2006 - Thyroiditis is an inflammation of the thyroid gland that may be painful and tender when caused by infection, radiation, or trauma, or painless when caused by autoimmune conditions, medications, or an idiopathic fibrotic process. The most common forms are Hashimoto's disease, subacute ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0515/p1769.html
Diagnosing Rhinitis: Allergic vs. Nonallergic - American Family Physician
May 1, 2006 - Allergic rhinitis, the most common type of rhinitis, generally can be differentiated from the numerous types of nonallergic rhinitis through a thorough history and physical examination. Allergic rhinitis may be seasonal, perennial, or occupational. The most common cause of nonallergic ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0501/p1583.html
2005 AHA Guidelines for CPR and Emergency Cardiac Care - Practice Guidelines - American...
May 1, 2006 - The American Heart Association (AHA) recently released new guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and emergency cardiac care.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0501/p1644.html
Amenorrhea: Evaluation and Treatment - American Family Physician
Apr 15, 2006 - A thorough history and physical examination as well as laboratory testing can help narrow the differential diagnosis of amenorrhea. In patients with primary amenorrhea, the presence or absence of sexual development should direct the evaluation. Constitutional delay of growth and puberty...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0415/p1374.html
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dyplasia - American Family Physician
Apr 15, 2006 - Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a disorder in which normal myocardium is replaced by fibrofatty tissue. This disorder usually involves the right ventricle, but the left ventricle and septum also may be affected. Although the exact prevalence of ARVD is unknown, it ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0415/p1391.html
Guidelines Released for Investigation of Potential Contact with Infectious Tuberculosis...
Apr 15, 2006 - The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Tuberculosis Controllers Association (NTCA) have released guidelines for investigation of exposure and transmission of tuberculosis and prevention of future infections through contact investigations.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0415/p1460.html
Diagnostic Approach to Pleural Effusion in Adults - American Family Physician
Apr 1, 2006 - The first step in the evaluation of patients with pleural effusion is to determine whether the effusion is a transudate or an exudate. An exudative effusion is diagnosed if the patient meets Light's criteria. The serum to pleural fluid protein or albumin gradients may help better ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0401/p1211.html
Vulvodynia: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Apr 1, 2006 - The diagnosis of vulvodynia is made after taking a careful history, ruling out infectious or dermatologic abnormalities, and eliciting pain in response to light pressure on the labia, introitus, or hymenal remnants. Several treatment options have been used, although the evidence for ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0401/p1231.html
Childhood and Adolescent Sports-Related Overuse Injuries - American Family Physician
Mar 15, 2006 - Youth sports participation carries an inherent risk of injury, including overuse injuries. Little leaguer's shoulder, a stress fracture of the proximal humerus that presents as lateral shoulder pain, usually is self-limited. Little leaguer's elbow is a medial stress injury; treatment ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0315/p1014.html
Diagnosis and Management of Diastolic Dysfunction and Heart Failure - American Family ...
Mar 1, 2006 - Diastolic heart failure occurs when signs and symptoms of heart failure are present but left ventricular systolic function is preserved (i.e., ejection fraction greater than 45 percent). The incidence of diastolic heart failure increases with age; therefore, 50 percent of older patients...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0301/p841.html
Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: Diagnosis and Management - American Family ...
Feb 15, 2006 - Preterm premature rupture of membranes is the rupture of membranes during pregnancy before 37 weeks' gestation. It occurs in 3 percent of pregnancies and is the cause of approximately one third of preterm deliveries. It can lead to significant perinatal morbidity, including respiratory ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0215/p659.html
Chronic Plaque Psoriasis - American Family Physician
Feb 15, 2006 - Chronic plaque psoriasis, the most common form of psoriasis, is a papulosquamous disease defined by erythematous plaques with a silvery scale. The diagnosis usually is clinical, but occasionally a biopsy is necessary. Psoriasis affects 0.6 to 4.8 percent of the U.S. population, and ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0215/p636.html
Diagnosis and Treatment of Community-Acquired Pneumonia - American Family Physician
Feb 1, 2006 - Patients with community-acquired pneumonia often present with cough, fever, chills, fatigue, dyspnea, rigors, and pleuritic chest pain. When a patient presents with suspected community-acquired pneumonia, the physician should first assess the need for hospitalization using a mortality ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0201/p442.html
Evaluation and Treatment of Constipation in Infants and Children - American Family ...
Feb 1, 2006 - Constipation in children usually is functional and the result of stool retention. However, family physicians must be alert for red flags that may indicate the presence of an uncommon but serious organic cause of constipation, such as Hirschsprung's disease (congenital aganglionic ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0201/p469.html
Hyperkalemia - American Family Physician
Jan 15, 2006 - Hyperkalemia is a potentially life-threatening metabolic problem caused by inability of the kidneys to excrete potassium, impairment of the mechanisms that move potassium from the circulation into the cells, or a combination of these factors. Acute episodes of hyperkalemia commonly are ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0115/p283.html
Initial Evaluation of Vertigo - American Family Physician
Jan 15, 2006 - Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, acute vestibular neuronitis, and Meniere's disease cause most cases of vertigo; however, family physicians must consider other causes including cerebrovascular disease, migraine, psychological disease, perilymphatic fistulas, multiple sclerosis, and...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0115/p244.html
Treating Adult Women with Suspected UTI - Point-of-Care Guides - American Family Physician
Jan 15, 2006 - More than 7 million women are diagnosed with urinary tract infections (UTIs) annually, making it one of the most commonly seen conditions in primary care.
American Family Physician : Point-of-Care Guides
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0115/p293.html
Medications for Migraine Prophylaxis - American Family Physician
Jan 1, 2006 - Sufficient evidence and consensus exist to recommend propranolol, timolol, amitriptyline, divalproex, sodium valproate, and topiramate as first-line agents for migraine prevention. There is fair evidence of effectiveness with gabapentin and naproxen sodium. Botulinum toxin also has ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0101/p72.html
Cognitive Therapy for Depression - American Family Physician
Jan 1, 2006 - Cognitive therapy is a treatment process that enables patients to correct false self-beliefs that can lead to negative moods and behaviors. The fundamental assumption is that a thought precedes a mood; therefore, learning to substitute healthy thoughts for negative thoughts will improve...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0101/p83.html
Management of Histologic Abnormalities of the Cervix - American Family Physician
Jan 1, 2006 - The American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology sponsored a consensus conference in 2001 to develop evidence-based guidelines for women with histologic abnormalities of the cervix. The options for management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1, 2, and 3 are ranked ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2006/0101/p105.html
Management of Staphylococcus aureus Infections - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2005 - Because of high incidence, morbidity, and antimicrobial resistance, Staphylococcus aureus infections are a growing concern for family physicians. Strains of S. aureus that are resistant to vancomycin are now recognized. Increasing incidence of unrecognized community-acquired ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1215/p2474.html
Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2005 - Irritable bowel syndrome affects 10 to 15 percent of the U.S. population to some degree. This condition is defined as abdominal pain and discomfort with altered bowel habits in the absence of any other mechanical, inflammatory, or biochemical explanation for these symptoms. Irritable ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1215/p2501.html
Treatment of Constipation in Older Adults - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2005 - Constipation is a common complaint in older adults. Although constipation is not a physiologic consequence of normal aging, decreased mobility and other comorbid medical conditions may contribute to its increased prevalence in older adults. Functional constipation is diagnosed when no ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1201/p2277.html
Management of Active Tuberculosis - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2005 - Although the overall incidence of tuberculosis has been declining in the United States, it remains an important public health concern, particularly among immigrants, homeless persons, and persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus. Patients who present with symptoms of active ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1201/p2225.html
Diagnosing the Cause of Chest Pain - American Family Physician
Nov 15, 2005 - Chest pain presents a diagnostic challenge in outpatient family medicine. Noncardiac causes are common, but it is important not to overlook serious conditions such as an acute coronary syndrome, pulmonary embolism, or pneumonia. In addition to a thorough history and physical ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1115/p2012.html
Diagnosis and Management of Ectopic Pregnancy - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2005 - Ectopic pregnancy is a high-risk condition that occurs in 1.9 percent of reported pregnancies. The condition is the leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the first trimester. If a woman of reproductive age presents with abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, syncope, or hypotension, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1101/p1707.html
Management of Acute Renal Failure - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2005 - Acute renal failure is present in 1 to 5 percent of patients at hospital admission and affects up to 20 percent of patients in intensive care units. The condition has prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes, with prerenal conditions accounting for 60 to 70 percent of cases. The cause...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1101/p1739.html
Detection and Evaluation of Chronic Kidney Disease - American Family Physician
Nov 1, 2005 - Chronic kidney disease affects approximately 19 million adult Americans, and its incidence is increasing rapidly. Diabetes and hypertension are the underlying causes in most cases of chronic kidney disease. Evidence suggests that progression to kidney failure can be delayed or prevented...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1101/p1723.html
ACOG Guidelines for Treating Prenatal Hemoglobinopathy - Practice Guidelines - American...
Nov 1, 2005 - The Committee on Practice Bulletins–Obstetrics of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has released a practice bulletin on screening for and managing hemoglobinopathies during pregnancy.
American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1101/p1917.html
Evaluation of Syncope - American Family Physician
Oct 15, 2005 - Though relatively common, syncope is a complex presenting symptom defined by a transient loss of consciousness, usually accompanied by falling, and with spontaneous recovery. Syncope must be carefully differentiated from other conditions that may cause a loss of consciousness or ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1015/p1492.html
Hemoptysis: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2005 - Hemoptysis is the spitting of blood that originated in the lungs or bronchial tubes. The patient's history should help determine the amount of blood and differentiate between hemoptysis, pseudohemoptysis, and hematemesis. A focused physical examination can lead to the diagnosis in most ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1001/p1253.html
Management of Spontaneous Abortion - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2005 - Spontaneous abortion, which is the loss of a pregnancy without outside intervention before 20 weeks' gestation, affects up to 20 percent of recognized pregnancies. Spontaneous abortion can be subdivided into threatened abortion, inevitable abortion, incomplete abortion, missed abortion,...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1001/p1243.html
Vasomotor Rhinitis - American Family Physician
Sep 15, 2005 - Vasomotor rhinitis affects millions of Americans and results in significant symptomatology. Characterized by a combination of symptoms that includes nasal obstruction and rhinorrhea, vasomotor rhinitis is a diagnosis of exclusion reached after taking a careful history, performing a ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0915/p1057.html
Diagnosis and Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis - American Family Physician
Sep 15, 2005 - Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of synovial tissue and a wide array of multisystem comorbidities. Prevalence is estimated to be 0.8 percent worldwide, with women twice as likely to develop the disease as men. Untreated, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0915/p1037.html
Hyperthyroidism: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2005 - The proper treatment of hyperthyroidism depends on recognition of the signs and symptoms of the disease and determination of the etiology. The most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves' disease. Other common causes include thyroiditis, toxic multinodular goiter, toxic adenomas, and...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0815/p623.html
Using Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin to Treat Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C - ...
Aug 15, 2005 - Hepatitis C virus is the most common chronic blood-borne infection in the United States. The advent of new treatment regimens using pegylated interferons in combination with ribavirin has led to improved sustained viral response rates for some genotypes in large multicenter trials. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0815/p655.html
Diagnosis and Management of Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections - American Family ...
Aug 1, 2005 - Most uncomplicated urinary tract infections occur in women who are sexually active, with far fewer cases occurring in older women, those who are pregnant, and in men. Although the incidence of urinary tract infection has not changed substantially over the last 10 years, the diagnostic ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0801/p451.html
Foreign Body Ingestion in Children - American Family Physician
Jul 15, 2005 - Because many patients who have swallowed foreign bodies are asymptomatic, physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion. The majority of ingested foreign bodies pass spontaneously, but serious complications, such as bowel perforation and obstruction, can occur. Foreign bodies ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/0715/p287.html
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