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Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease: Rapid Evidence Review - American Family Physician

Oct 1, 2019 - Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is caused by human enteroviruses and coxsackieviruses. Outbreaks can occur in the spring to fall and are common in North America, and most cases occur in patients younger than 10 years. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is transmitted by fecal-oral, oral-oral, and ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1001/p408.html

Sexual Health History: Techniques and Tips - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 2020 - Family physicians should use a proactive, integrated, patient-centered approach to sexual health that includes, but is not limited to, disease identification and treatment. Successfully delivering positive, affirming, nonjudgmental sexual health care requires intentionally creating safe...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0301/p286.html

House Calls - American Family Physician

Aug 15, 2020 - The demand for house calls is increasing because of the aging U.S. population, an increase in patients who are homebound, and the acknowledgment of the value of house calls by the public and health care industry. Literature from current U.S. home-based primary care programs describes ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p211.html

Diagnostic Imaging of Acute Abdominal Pain in Adults - American Family Physician

Apr 1, 2015 - Acute abdominal pain is a common presentation in the outpatient setting and can represent conditions ranging from benign to life-threatening. If the patient history, physical examination, and laboratory testing do not identify an underlying cause of pain and if serious pathology remains...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0401/p452.html

Foreign Bodies in the Skin: Evaluation and Management - American Family Physician

Jun 15, 2020 - Foreign bodies may be introduced into the skin through lacerations and soft tissue wounds. Long-term complications of retained foreign bodies include chronic pain and neurovascular impairment. Wound exploration and initial imaging with radiography or ultrasonography should be considered...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0615/p740.html

Nerve Blocks: Part II. Lower Extremity - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 2020 - Family physicians use anesthesia to provide diagnostic and procedural analgesia for conditions such as neuropathies, fracture reduction, foreign body removals, and complex wound management. Local infiltration of anesthetics is commonly used in this setting because of the ease of use, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p669.html

Opioid Use Disorder: Medical Treatment Options - American Family Physician

Oct 1, 2019 - Opioid use disorder is highly prevalent and can be fatal. At least 2.1 million Americans 12 years and older had opioid use disorder in 2016, and approximately 47,000 Americans died from opioid overdoses in 2017. Opioid use disorder is a chronic relapsing condition, the treatment of ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1001/p416.html

Thyroid Disease in Pregnancy - American Family Physician

Feb 15, 2014 - Thyroid disease is the second most common endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, and when untreated during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of miscarriage, placental abruption, hypertensive disorders, and growth restriction. Current guidelines recommend ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0215/p273.html

Hirsutism in Women - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 2019 - Hirsutism is the excessive growth of terminal hair in a typical male pattern in a female. It is often a sign of excessive androgen levels. Although many conditions can lead to hirsutism, polycystic ovary syndrome and idiopathic hyperandrogenism account for more than 85% of cases. Less ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0801/p168.html

Lower Extremity Abnormalities in Children - American Family Physician

Aug 15, 2017 - Leg and foot problems in childhood are common causes of parental concern. Rotational problems include intoeing and out-toeing. Intoeing is most common in infants and young children. Intoeing is caused by metatarsus adductus, internal tibial torsion, and femoral anteversion. Out-toeing ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0815/p226.html

Adolescent Substance Use and Misuse: Recognition and Management - American Family ...

Jun 1, 2019 - Adolescent use of illicit substances imposes an enormous burden on individuals, families, and communities. The types of illicit substances adolescents are using have changed drastically over the past decade with decreases in alcohol use (including binge alcohol use) offset by increases ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0601/p689.html

Complementary and Alternative Medicine - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 2020 - This collection features AFP content on complementary and alternative medicine, including herbs and dietary supplements, acupuncture, meditation, and yoga. This collection features AFP content on complementary and alternative medicine, including herbs and dietary supplements, ...

American Family Physician : AFP By Topic

https://www.aafp.org/afp/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=60

Staffing -- FPM Toolbox

Apr 27, 2018 - Download tools to help you clarify staff responsibilities, provide feedback, and more.

Family Practice Management : FPM Toolbox : Staffing

https://www.aafp.org/fpm/toolBox/viewToolType.htm?toolTypeId=28

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician

Nov 15, 2015 - Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic illness that can cause marked distress and disability. It is a complex disorder with a variety of manifestations and symptom dimensions, some of which are underrecognized. Early recognition and treatment with OCD-specific therapies may ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1115/p896.html

Influenza - American Family Physician

Oct 15, 2020 - This collection features AFP content on influenza and related issues, including influenza vaccination and avian influenza. This collection features AFP content on influenza and related issues, including influenza vaccination and avian influenza.

American Family Physician : AFP By Topic

https://www.aafp.org/afp/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=14

Physician Leadership -- FPM Topic Collection

Nov 11, 2020 - Physician leadership is more important now than ever before. Here are the skills you need to be an effective leader at any level in your organization. Physician leadership is more important now than ever before. Here are the skills you need to be an effective leader at any level in your...

Family Practice Management : Topic Collections

https://www.aafp.org/fpm/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=118

Toilet Training: Common Questions and Answers - American Family Physician

Oct 15, 2019 - Toilet training is a significant developmental milestone in early childhood. Most U.S. children achieve the physiologic, cognitive, and emotional development necessary for toilet training by 18 to 30 months of age. Markers of readiness for toilet training include being able to walk, put...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1015/p468.html

Amblyopia: Detection and Treatment - American Family Physician

Dec 15, 2019 - Amblyopia is the leading cause of monocular vision loss in children. Early recognition and treatment are important to prevent vision loss. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommends vision screening for all children at least once between three and five years of age to detect the...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1215/p745.html

Nerve Blocks: Part I. Upper Extremity - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 2020 - Procedural anesthesia is administered by family physicians for a variety of conditions, including neuropathies, fracture reduction, foreign body removals, and complex wound management. A nerve block may be preferred because it provides effective regional anesthesia with less anesthetic....

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p654.html

Lead Poisoning in Children - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 2019 - Asymptomatic lead poisoning has become more common in children. Blood lead levels of less than 5 µg per dL are associated with impairments in neurocognitive and behavioral development that are irreversible. Risk factors for lead poisoning include age younger than five years, low ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0701/p24.html

Common Running Injuries: Evaluation and Management - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 2018 - Running is a common form of exercise but predisposes athletes to several running-related injuries. Most running injuries are due to overuse and respond to conservative treatment. Tendinopathies in the patellar, Achilles, and hamstring tendons are common, and are primarily treated with ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0415/p510.html

Hypothyroidism: An Update - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 2012 - Hypothyroidism is a clinical disorder commonly encountered by the primary care physician. Untreated hypothyroidism can contribute to hypertension, dyslipidemia, infertility, cognitive impairment, and neuromuscular dysfunction. Data derived from the National Health and Nutrition ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0801/p244.html

Recognition and Differential Diagnosis of Psychosis in Primary Care - American Family ...

Jun 15, 2015 - Psychosis is a symptom complex that may include hallucinations, delusions, disorders of thought, and disorganized speech or behavior. Acute psychosis is primary if it is symptomatic of a psychiatric disorder, or secondary if caused by a specific medical condition. Patients with primary ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0615/p856.html

Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis - American Family Physician

Oct 1, 2011 - Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections in women. Most urinary tract infections are acute uncomplicated cystitis. Identifiers of acute uncomplicated cystitis are frequency and dysuria in an immunocompetent woman of childbearing age who has no comorbidities or ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1001/p771.html

Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Pyelonephritis in Women - American Family Physician

Sep 1, 2011 - Acute pyelonephritis is a common bacterial infection of the renal pelvis and kidney most often seen in young adult women. History and physical examination are the most useful tools for diagnosis. Most patients have fever, although it may be absent early in the illness. Flank pain is ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0901/p519.html

Diagnosing Common Benign Skin Tumors - American Family Physician

Oct 1, 2015 - Patients will experience a wide range of skin growths and changes over their lifetime. Family physicians should be able to distinguish potentially malignant from benign skin tumors. Most lesions can be diagnosed on the basis of history and clinical examination. Lesions that are ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1001/p601.html

Diagnosis and Initial Management of Dysmenorrhea - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 2014 - Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common causes of pelvic pain. It negatively affects patients’ quality of life and sometimes results in activity restriction. A history and physical examination, including a pelvic examination in patients who have had vaginal intercourse, may reveal the ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0301/p341.html

Bone Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment Principles - American Family Physician

Aug 15, 2018 - Primary bone cancers include osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and chondrosarcoma. They account for less than 1% of diagnosed cancers each year and are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Timely diagnosis is challenging because of late patient presentation, nonspecific ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0815/p205.html

Acupuncture for Pain - American Family Physician

Jul 15, 2019 - Acupuncture has been increasingly used as an integrative or complementary therapy for pain. It is well-tolerated with little risk of serious adverse effects. Traditional acupuncture and nontraditional techniques, such as electroacupuncture and dry needling, often result in reported pain...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0715/p89.html

Hip Fracture: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Secondary Prevention - American Family Physician

Jun 15, 2014 - Hip fractures cause significant morbidity and are associated with increased mortality. Women experience 80% of hip fractures, and the average age of persons who have a hip fracture is 80 years. Most hip fractures are associated with a fall, although other risk factors include decreased ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0615/p945.html

Evaluation and Management of Orthostatic Hypotension - American Family Physician

Sep 1, 2011 - Orthostatic hypotension is defined as a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 20 mm Hg or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg within three minutes of standing when compared with blood pressure from the sitting or supine position. It results from an inadequate physiologic...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0901/p527.html

Developmental Delay: When and How to Screen - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 2017 - An estimated 15% of children in the United States have at least one developmental delay, yet less than one-fifth of those children receive early intervention services before three years of age. Many barriers exist to implementing initial screening and referral, but screening tools can ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0701/p36.html

Epistaxis: Outpatient Management - American Family Physician

Aug 15, 2018 - Epistaxis is a common emergency encountered by primary care physicians. Up to 60% of the general population experience epistaxis, and 6% seek medical attention for it. More than 90% of cases arise from the anterior nasal circulation, and most treatments can be easily performed in the ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0815/p240.html

Epilepsy: Treatment Options - American Family Physician

Jul 15, 2017 - The occurrence of a single seizure does not always require initiation of antiepileptic drugs. Risk of recurrent seizures should guide their use. In adults, key risk factors for recurrence are two unprovoked seizures occurring more than 24 hours apart, epileptiform abnormalities on ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0715/p87.html

Nocturnal Leg Cramps - American Family Physician

Aug 15, 2012 - Up to 60 percent of adults report that they have had nocturnal leg cramps. The recurrent, painful tightening usually occurs in the calf muscles and can cause severe insomnia. The exact mechanism is unknown, but the cramps are probably caused by muscle fatigue and nerve dysfunction ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0815/p350.html

Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants and Children - American ...

Oct 15, 2015 - Gastroesophageal reflux is defined as the passage of stomach contents into the esophagus with or without accompanied regurgitation (spitting up) and vomiting. It is a normal physiologic process that occurs throughout the day in infants and less often in children and adolescents. ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1015/p705.html

Proteinuria in Children: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis - American Family Physician

Feb 15, 2017 - Although proteinuria is usually benign in the form of transient or orthostatic proteinuria, persistent proteinuria may be associated with more serious renal diseases. Proteinuria may be an independent risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney disease in children. Mechanisms of ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0215/p248.html

Caring for Latino Patients - American Family Physician

Jan 1, 2013 - Latinos comprise nearly 16 percent of the U.S. population, and this proportion is anticipated to increase to 30 percent by 2050. Latinos are a diverse ethnic group that includes many different cultures, races, and nationalities. Barriers to care have resulted in striking disparities in ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0101/p48.html

Cardiomyopathy: An Overview - American Family Physician

Nov 15, 2017 - The definition and classification of cardiomyopathy have evolved considerably in recent years. Cardiomyopathy can be separated into primary (genetic, mixed, or acquired) and secondary categories, which result in varied phenotypes including dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/1115/p640.html

Hoarseness in Adults - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 2017 - Hoarseness is a common presentation in primary care practices. Combined with other voice-related changes, it falls under the umbrella diagnosis of dysphonia. Hoarseness has a number of causes, ranging from simple inflammatory processes to less common psychiatric disorders to more ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/1201/p720.html

Poststreptococcal Illness: Recognition and Management - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 2018 - Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcus can cause several postinfectious, nonsuppurative immune- mediated diseases including acute rheumatic fever, poststreptococcal reactive arthritis, pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders, and poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Except for ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0415/p517.html

Autism Spectrum Disorder: Primary Care Principles - American Family Physician

Dec 15, 2016 - Autism spectrum disorder is characterized by difficulty with social communication and restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interest, or activities. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th ed., created an umbrella diagnosis that includes several previously ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/1215/p972.html

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis in Children - American Family Physician

Jan 15, 2017 - Bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and young children, and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common cause of this infection. RSV is transmitted through contact with respiratory droplets either directly from an infected person or ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0115/p94.html

Trauma in Pregnancy: Assessment, Management, and Prevention - American Family Physician

Nov 15, 2014 - Trauma complicates one in 12 pregnancies, and is the leading nonobstetric cause of death among pregnant women. The most common traumatic injuries are motor vehicle crashes, assaults, falls, and intimate partner violence. Nine out of 10 traumatic injuries during pregnancy are classified ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/1115/p717.html

Noonan Syndrome - American Family Physician

Jan 1, 2014 - Noonan syndrome is a common genetic disorder that causes multiple congenital abnormalities and a large number of potential health conditions. Most affected individuals have characteristic facial features that evolve with age; a broad, webbed neck; increased bleeding tendency; and a high...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0101/p37.html

Infantile Colic: Recognition and Treatment - American Family Physician

Oct 1, 2015 - Infantile colic is a benign process in which an infant has paroxysms of inconsolable crying for more than three hours per day, more than three days per week, for longer than three weeks. It affects approximately 10% to 40% of infants worldwide and peaks at around six weeks of age, with ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1001/p577.html

Nonspecific Low Back Pain and Return To Work - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 2019 - Nonspecific low back pain refers to a condition without a distinct etiology to explain its associated symptoms. This pain may become chronic and is a major cause of work loss around the world. Without a specific explanation for a patient’s symptoms, the family physician is charged with ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1201/p697.html

Coding: ICD-10 -- FPM Toolbox

Feb 23, 2018 - Download FPM's coding guides and cheat sheets to help you understand ICD-10 coding and select the right codes.

Family Practice Management : FPM Toolbox : Coding: ICD-10

https://www.aafp.org/fpm/toolBox/viewToolType.htm?toolTypeId=30

Respiratory Tract Infections - American Family Physician

Feb 1, 2021 - Advertisement AFP BY TOPIC Respiratory Tract Infections Editors' Choice of Best Available Content This collection features the best content from AFP, as identified by the AFP editors, on respiratory tract infections and related issues, including acute bronchitis, acute...

American Family Physician : AFP By Topic

https://www.aafp.org/afp/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=29

Genital Herpes: A Review - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 2016 - Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease, affecting more than 400 million persons worldwide. It is caused by herpes simplex virus (HSV) and characterized by lifelong infection and periodic reactivation. A visible outbreak consists of single or clustered vesicles on the ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0601/p928.html

Diets for Health: Goals and Guidelines - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 2018 - Diet is the single most significant risk factor for disability and premature death. Patients and physicians often have difficulty staying abreast of diet trends, many of which focus primarily on weight loss rather than nutrition and health. Recommending an eating style can help patients...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0601/p721.html

Hypothermia and Cold Weather Injuries - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 2019 - Hypothermia, frostbite, and nonfreezing cold injuries predominantly affect older adults, homeless or intoxicated people, adventurers, and military personnel. Prevention begins with clothing that is clean, layered, and loose to promote circulation. Base layers made of moisture-wicking ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1201/p680.html

Heart Failure Due to Reduced Ejection Fraction: Medical Management - American Family ...

Jan 1, 2017 - Heart failure is an increasingly common condition resulting in high rates of morbidity and mortality. For patients who have heart failure and reduced ejection fraction, randomized clinical trials demonstrate consistent mortality benefit from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0101/p13.html

Testicular Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician

Feb 15, 2018 - Testicular cancer is the most common solid tumor among males 15 to 34 years of age, with an estimated 8,850 new cases and 410 deaths during 2017 in the United States. With effective treatment, the overall five-year survival rate is 97%. Risk factors for testicular cancer include ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0215/p261.html

Genetics - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 2020 - This collection features AFP content on genetics and related issues, including family medical history, genetic testing, and specific syndromes (fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, fragile X syndrome, Down Syndrome, Klinefelter syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Turner syndrome). This ...

American Family Physician : AFP By Topic

https://www.aafp.org/afp/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=56

Inborn Errors of Metabolism: From Preconception to Adulthood - American Family Physician

Jan 1, 2019 - Inborn errors of metabolism (IEM), although individually rare, occur in 1 out of every 1,500 births. The first opportunity to detect IEM occurs during preconception counseling, when pregnant women and couples considering future pregnancies can undergo carrier screening. For individuals ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0101/p25.html

Stuttering: Understanding and Treating a Common Disability - American Family Physician

Nov 1, 2019 - Childhood-onset fluency disorder, the most common form of stuttering, is a neurologic disability resulting from an underlying brain abnormality that causes disfluent speech. Stuttering can lead to significant secondary effects, including negative self-perception and negative perception ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1101/p556.html

Administrative Simplification -- FPM Topic Collection

Feb 13, 2020 - The documentation, paperwork, and quality reporting burden on physicians is immense. What can physicians do to reduce their administrative hassles, and what are organizations doing on their behalf? This FPM topic collection explores these issues. The documentation, paperwork, and ...

Family Practice Management : Topic Collections

https://www.aafp.org/fpm/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=112

Heat-Related Illnesses - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 2019 - Heat-related illnesses comprise a spectrum of syndromes resulting from disruption of thermoregulation in people exposed to high environmental heat. Symptoms range from heat edema and exercise-associated muscle cramps to exercise-associated collapse, heat exhaustion, and life-threatening...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0415/p482.html

Counseling Patients in Primary Care: Evidence-Based Strategies - American Family Physician

Dec 15, 2018 - Family physicians spend substantial time counseling patients with psychiatric conditions, unhealthy behaviors, and medical adherence issues. Maintaining efficiency while providing counseling is a major challenge. There are several effective, structured counseling strategies developed ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1215/p719.html

Acute Shoulder Injuries in Adults - American Family Physician

Jul 15, 2016 - Acute shoulder injuries in adults are often initially managed by family physicians. Common acute shoulder injuries include acromioclavicular joint injuries, clavicle fractures, glenohumeral dislocations, proximal humerus fractures, and rotator cuff tears. Acromioclavicular joint ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0715/p119.html

Management of Chronic Tendon Injuries - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 2019 - Chronic tendon injuries are common athletic and occupational injuries that account for many physician visits. Tendons have a complex biology that provides a unique combination of strength, flexibility, and elasticity but also predisposes them to injury. The term tendinopathy is ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0801/p147.html

Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever) in Primary Care - American Family Physician

Feb 15, 2020 - Primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) is caused by inhaling airborne spores of the fungus Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii. Residing in or traveling to areas endemic for Coccidioides is required for the diagnosis; no person-to-person or zoonotic contagion ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0215/p221.html

Primary Care for Persons Who Inject Drugs - American Family Physician

Jan 15, 2019 - More than 750,000 persons in the United States inject opioids, methamphetamine, cocaine, or ketamine, and that number is increasing because of the current opioid epidemic. Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at higher risk of infectious and noninfectious skin, pulmonary, cardiac, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0115/p109.html

Transfusion of Blood and Blood Products: Indications and Complications - American ...

Mar 15, 2011 - Red blood cell transfusions are used to treat hemorrhage and to improve oxygen delivery to tissues. Transfusion of red blood cells should be based on the patient’s clinical condition. Indications for transfusion include symptomatic anemia (causing shortness of breath, dizziness, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0315/p719.html

Specific Learning Disabilities: The Family Physician's Role - American Family Physician

Nov 15, 2019 - Academic underachievement, such as failing a class and the threat of being held back because of academic issues, is common. Family physicians can provide support and guidance for families as they approach their child’s unique academic challenges. Specific learning disabilities are a ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1115/p628.html

Inguinal Hernias: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician

Jun 15, 2013 - Inguinal hernias are one of the most common reasons a primary care patient may need referral for surgical intervention. The history and physical examination are usually sufficient to make the diagnosis. Symptomatic patients often have groin pain, which can sometimes be severe. Inguinal ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0615/p844.html

Pulmonary Hypertension: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician

Sep 15, 2016 - Pulmonary hypertension is a common, complex group of disorders that result from different pathophysiologic mechanisms but are all defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure of 25 mm Hg or greater. Patients often initially present to family physicians; however, because the symptoms ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0915/p463.html

Electronic Cigarettes: Common Questions and Answers - American Family Physician

Aug 15, 2019 - Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are popular devices designed to heat a liquid solution, often containing nicotine, that generates an inhaled aerosol, or vapor. e-Cigarettes have been marketed as healthier alternatives to traditional cigarettes. Thus, most adult users are current or...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0815/p227.html

Preoperative Assessment in Older Adults: A Comprehensive Approach - American Family ...

Aug 15, 2018 - Surgical outcomes are significantly influenced by patients’ overall health, function, and life expectancy. A comprehensive geriatric preoperative assessment of older adults requires expanding beyond an organ-based or disease-based assessment. At a preoperative visit, it is important to ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0815/p214.html

Common Finger Fractures and Dislocations - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 2012 - Finger fractures and dislocations are common injuries that are often managed by family physicians. A systematic physical examination is imperative to avoid complications and poor outcomes following these injuries. Radiography (commonly anteroposterior, true lateral, and oblique views) ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0415/p805.html

Common Questions About Streptococcal Pharyngitis - American Family Physician

Jul 1, 2016 - Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection causes 15% to 30% of sore throats in children and 5% to 15% in adults, and is more common in the late winter and early spring. The strongest independent predictors of GABHS pharyngitis are patient age of five to 15 years, absence of...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0701/p24.html

Diagnosis and Management of Osteomyelitis - American Family Physician

Nov 1, 2011 - The incidence of chronic osteomyelitis is increasing because of the prevalence of predisposing conditions such as diabetes mellitus and peripheral vascular disease. The increased availability of sensitive imaging tests, such as magnetic resonance imaging and bone scintigraphy, has ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1101/p1027.html

Health Maintenance in School-Aged Children: Part I. History, Physical Examination, ...

Aug 15, 2019 - The goals of the health maintenance visit in school-aged children (five to 12 years) are promoting health, detecting disease, and counseling to prevent injury and future health problems. During the visit, the physician should address patient and parent/caregiver concerns and ask about ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0815/p213.html

Rheumatoid Arthritis: Common Questions About Diagnosis and Management - American Family...

Apr 1, 2018 - Rheumatoid arthritis is the most commonly diagnosed systemic inflammatory arthritis, with a lifetime prevalence of up to 1% worldwide. Women, smokers, and those with a family history of the disease are most often affected. Rheumatoid arthritis should be considered if there is at least ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0401/p455.html

Care of the Military Veteran: Selected Health Issues - American Family Physician

Nov 1, 2019 - According to the U.S. Census Bureau, 18.2 million veterans were living in the United States in 2017, of whom 1.6 million were female. Less than one-half of all veterans receive care at a Veterans Health Administration or military treatment facility, leaving most to receive services from...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1101/p544.html

Atypical Moles: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 2015 - Atypical moles are benign pigmented lesions. Although they are benign, they exhibit some of the clinical and histologic features of malignant melanoma. They are more common in fair-skinned individuals and in those with high sun exposure. Atypical moles are characterized by size of 6 mm ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0601/p762.html

Diagnosis and Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 2011 - Rheumatoid arthritis is the most commonly diagnosed systemic inflammatory arthritis. Women, smokers, and those with a family history of the disease are most often affected. Criteria for diagnosis include having at least one joint with definite swelling that is not explained by another ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1201/p1245.html

Common Foot Problems: Over-the-Counter Treatments and Home Care - American Family ...

Sep 1, 2018 - Most foot disorders do not require podiatry referral or complex interventions. After the clinical diagnosis is made, these conditions can typically be managed with over-the-counter (OTC) and home remedies, with guidance from the primary care physician. Stretching and strengthening ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0901/p298.html

Bladder Cancer: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician

Oct 15, 2017 - Bladder cancer is the sixth most prevalent malignancy in the United States and causes more than 16,000 deaths annually. The most common clinical presentation is asymptomatic hematuria, which should prompt evaluation with cystoscopy, renal function testing, and upper urinary tract ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/1015/p507.html

Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Children - American Family ...

Feb 15, 2011 - Acute urinary tract infections are relatively common in children, with 8 percent of girls and 2 percent of boys having at least one episode by seven years of age. The most common pathogen is Escherichia coli, accounting for approximately 85 percent of urinary tract infections in ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0215/p409.html

Evaluation and Diagnosis of Wrist Pain: A Case-Based Approach - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 2013 - Patients with wrist pain commonly present with an acute injury or spontaneous onset of pain without a definite traumatic event. A fall onto an outstretched hand can lead to a scaphoid fracture, which is the most commonly fractured carpal bone. Conventional radiography alone can miss up ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/0415/p568.html

Interventional Radiology: Indications and Best Practices - American Family Physician

May 1, 2019 - Interventional radiology employs image-guided techniques to perform minimally invasive procedures for diagnosis and treatment. Interventional radiology is often used to place central venous catheters and subcutaneous ports, with some evidence of benefit over surgical placement. Arterial...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0501/p547.html

Osteoarthritis: Rapid Evidence Review - American Family Physician

Apr 15, 2018 - Osteoarthritis (OA) should be suspected in patients with pain in the fingers, shoulders, hips, knees, or ankles, especially if they are older than 40 years. Patients older than 50 years who have joint pain, minimal morning stiffness, and functional impairment likely have OA. Radiography...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0415/p523.html

Caregiver Care - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 2019 - Eighty percent of adults requiring long-term care currently live at home in the community, and unpaid family caregivers provide 90% of their care. Family caregivers serve as a critical extension of the U.S. health care system, and the demand for family caregivers is expected to increase...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0601/p699.html

Evaluation and Treatment of Infertility - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 2015 - Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. Evaluation may be initiated sooner in patients who have risk factors for infertility or if the female partner is older than 35 years. Causes of infertility include male ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0301/p308.html

Health Maintenance in School-Aged Children: Part II. Counseling Recommendations - ...

Aug 15, 2019 - School-aged children (five to 12 years) are establishing patterns of behavior that may last a lifetime; therefore, during health maintenance visits, it is important to counsel families on healthy lifestyle practices. Children should eat a diet high in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0815/p219.html

Rosacea: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 2015 - Rosacea is a chronic facial skin condition of unknown cause. It is characterized by marked involvement of the central face with transient or persistent erythema, telangiectasia, inflammatory papules and pustules, or hyperplasia of the connective tissue. Transient erythema, or flushing, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0801/p187.html

The Preparticipation Sports Evaluation - American Family Physician

Sep 1, 2015 - The preparticipation physical evaluation is a commonly requested medical visit for amateur and professional athletes of all ages. The overarching goal is to maximize the health of athletes and their safe participation in sports. Although studies have not found that the preparticipation ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0901/p371.html

The Changing Climate: Managing Health Impacts - American Family Physician

Nov 15, 2019 - Concentrations of greenhouse gases continue to accumulate in the atmosphere at increasing rates, heating the Earth’s surface and destabilizing climate. Health impacts from climate change may include increased morbidity and mortality from worsening cardiopulmonary health, worsening ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1115/p618.html

Buprenorphine Therapy for Opioid Use Disorder - American Family Physician

Mar 1, 2018 - Opioid misuse, including the use of heroin and the overprescribing, misuse, and diversion of opioid pain medications, has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. As a result, there has been a dramatic increase in opioid use disorder and associated overdoses and deaths. ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/0301/p313.html

School Absenteeism in Children and Adolescents - American Family Physician

Dec 15, 2018 - Frequent school absenteeism has immediate and long-term negative effects on academic performance, social functioning, high school and college graduation rates, adult income, health, and life expectancy. Previous research focused on distinguishing between truancy and anxiety-driven ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2018/1215/p738.html

Infectious Endocarditis: Diagnosis and Treatment - American Family Physician

May 15, 2012 - Infectious endocarditis results from bacterial or fungal infection of the endocardial surface of the heart and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Risk factors include the presence of a prosthetic heart valve, structural or congenital heart disease, intravenous drug ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0515/p981.html

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician

Feb 1, 2014 - Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is the most common form of scoliosis, affecting approximately 2% to 4% of adolescents. The incidence of scoliosis is about the same in males and females; however, females have up to a 10-fold greater risk of curve progression. Although most youths with ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0201/p193.html

Evaluation and Treatment of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia - American Family Physician

Jun 1, 2014 - Although neonatal jaundice is common, acute bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus (i.e., chronic bilirubin encephalopathy) are rare. Universal screening for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is controversial. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends universal screening with bilirubin ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0601/p873.html

Delirium in Older Persons: Evaluation and Management - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 2014 - Delirium is defined as an acute, fluctuating syndrome of altered attention, awareness, and cognition. It is common in older persons in the hospital and long-term care facilities and may indicate a life-threatening condition. Assessment for and prevention of delirium should occur at ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0801/p150.html

Insulin Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - American Family Physician

Jul 15, 2011 - Insulin therapy is recommended for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and an initial A1C level greater than 9 percent, or if diabetes is uncontrolled despite optimal oral glycemic therapy. Insulin therapy may be initiated as augmentation, starting at 0.3 unit per kg, or as ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0715/p183.html

Causes and Evaluation of Chronic Dyspnea - American Family Physician

Jul 15, 2012 - Chronic dyspnea is shortness of breath that lasts more than one month. The perception of dyspnea varies based on behavioral and physiologic responses. Dyspnea that is greater than expected with the degree of exertion is a symptom of disease. Most cases of dyspnea result from asthma, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0715/p173.html

Testicular Torsion: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management - American Family Physician

Dec 15, 2013 - Testicular torsion is a twisting of the spermatic cord and its contents and is a surgical emergency affecting 3.8 per 100,000 males younger than 18 years annually. It accounts for 10% to 15% of acute scrotal disease in children, and results in an orchiectomy rate of 42% in boys ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/1215/p835.html

Treating Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy: An Update - American Family Physician

Aug 1, 2016 - Painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy occurs in approximately 25% of patients with diabetes mellitus who are treated in the office setting and significantly affects quality of life. It typically causes burning pain, paresthesias, and numbness in a stocking-glove pattern that progresses...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0801/p227.html