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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 2020 - Advertisement AFP BY TOPIC Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Editors' Choice of Best Available Content Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by an enveloped single-stranded RNA novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2...

American Family Physician : AFP By Topic

https://www.aafp.org/afp/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=117

Oral Manifestations of Commonly Prescribed Drugs - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Drugs are being prescribed with more frequency and in higher quantities. A serious adverse drug event from prescribed medications constitutes 2.4% to 16.2% of all hospital admissions. Many of the adverse drug events present intraorally or periorally in isolation or as a clinical symptom...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/p613.html

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: Nonpharmacologic, Noninvasive Treatments - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 15, 2020 - Chronic low back pain, neck pain, hip and knee osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia are the most common types of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Because no individual therapy has consistent benefit, a multimodal treatment approach to chronic musculoskeletal pain is recommended. Many ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1015/p465.html

Testosterone Therapy for Age-Related Low Testosterone: Guidelines from the ACP - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 1, 2021 - The American College of Physicians published guidelines for testosterone therapy in cis gender men with age-related low testosterone based on a systematic review.

American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0101/p60.html

Medications for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Adults - Cochrane for Clinicians - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 1, 2021 - In patients with treatment-resistant depression, augmenting therapy with atypical antipsychotics can be effective.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0101/p16.html

Treatment of Distal DVT - Cochrane for Clinicians - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 1, 2021 - Vitamin K antagonists reduce the recurrence of DVT and VTE (number needed to treat [NNT] = 17; 95% CI, 13 to 48) but not pulmonary embolism (PE) compared with no anticoagulation or placebo.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0101/p18.html

Electronic Cigarettes for Smoking Cessation - FPIN's Clinical Inquiries - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 1, 2021 - e-Cigarettes with nicotine can be used to encourage smoking cessation, but continued use after cessation may be a risk factor for relapse.

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0101/p53.html

Effectiveness of Alarm Therapy in the Treatment of Nocturnal Enuresis in Children - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 1, 2021 - This review concluded that alarm therapy appears to be effective for treating nocturnal enuresis in children, but it is uncertain if it is more effective than other interventions.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0101/od1.html

Off-Label Use and Misuse of Hormone Supplements: AACE and ACE Position Statement - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 15, 2020 - The American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists and the American College of Endocrinology developed a summary of known risks of using off-label hormone treatments.

American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1215/p759.html

Management of Acute Pain from Non–Low Back Musculoskeletal Injuries: Guidelines from ... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 1, 2020 - The American Academy of Family Physicians and the American College of Physicians have published guidelines based on a systematic review and network meta-analysis of 207 studies involving 32,959 patients that evaluated treatments for acute musculoskeletal pain other than low back pain.

American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p697.html

Lasmiditan (Reyvow) for the Treatment of Acute Migraine - STEPS - American Family ... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 15, 2020 - Lasmiditan is a costly alternative to other more extensively studied medications for acute migraine. It should be reserved for those patients who lack relief with other available agents or who cannot tolerate other abortive medications.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1215/p756.html

Management of Acute Pain from Musculoskeletal Injuries: Guidance for Family Physicians ...

Dec 1, 2020 - Primary care plays a large role in the management of acute pain; therefore, the American College of Physicians and the American Academy of Family Physicians developed a clinical practice guideline for the nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic management of acute pain from non–low back, ...

American Family Physician : Editorials

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p649.html

Beta Blockers for Suspected or Diagnosed Acute Myocardial Infarction - Cochrane for ... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 1, 2020 - Compared with placebo, beta-blocker use in patients with acute MI reduces short-term (less than three months) risk of MI and long-term (more than three months) risk of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p666.html

Metformin to Prevent Diabetes in Patients at Increased Risk - Cochrane for Clinicians -... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - In patients at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, metformin reduces the risk (number needed to treat [NNT] = 7; 95% CI, 6 to 10) compared with counseling on standard diet and exercise.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p531.html

Misoprostol Dosing for First-Trimester Abortion - FPIN's Clinical Inquiries - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - Vaginal, oral, and sublingual misoprostol in single doses of 600 to 800 mcg are equally effective for promoting completed abortion in patients with an incomplete first-trimester spontaneous abortion.

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/od1.html

Low-Protein Diets for Adults Without Diabetes Mellitus Who Have CKD - Cochrane for ... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 1, 2020 - In patients without diabetes mellitus who have chronic kidney disease, is a low-protein diet effective at preventing progression to end-stage renal disease or the need for dialysis?

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p665.html

Antibiotics for Acute Bronchitis - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - Acute bronchitis is a lower respiratory tract infection, most commonly viral, that accounts for a significant number of health care visits. This review discusses the benefits and harms of antibiotics for acute bronchitis or acute productive cough.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/od2.html

Antibiotics for Uncomplicated Diverticulitis - Medicine by the Numbers - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 1, 2020 - Learn more about the benefits and harms of antibiotics for uncomplicated diverticulitis.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/od2.html

Oral Semaglutide (Rybelsus) for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - STEPS - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Oral semaglutide (Rybelsus) is labeled as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/p627.html

Some Drugs Slightly Improve Cognition in People with Dementia; Effects on Behavioral or... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 1, 2020 - Some treatments can improve cognition on research scales, but daily function will not be affected in a noticeable way. Managing behavioral or psychological issues with medication is not supported by current evidence

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p694.html

Easy Rule Identifies Patients with Low-Risk Penicillin Allergies - POEMs - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 1, 2020 - A label of penicillin allergy clears the shelves of many effective treatments for various infections. A simple rule outlined in the synopsis effectively identifies (without allergy testing) low-risk penicillin allergies in patients with a history of a penicillin allergy event.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p692a.html

Appropriate Use of Opioids for Chronic Pain - Lown Right Care: Reducing Overuse and ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - A collaboration between AFP and the Lown Institute promotes a vision of delivering health care that is based on the evidence, balanced in its approach, and focused on the patient.

American Family Physician : Lown Right Care: Reducing Overuse and Underuse

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p335.html

Vaginal Bleeding Decreases over Time with a Levonorgestrel Intrauterine System - POEMs ... Restricted content. Login required.

Dec 1, 2020 - Bleeding decreased over time for most women after the insertion of a levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p693.html

Lefamulin (Xenleta) for the Treatment of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia - STEPS... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - Lefamulin may be considered for patients hospitalized with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p373.html

Denosumab No Better than Bisphosphonates for Preventing Fracture, and the Cost Is Much ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - This meta-analysis found no evidence that the monoclonal antibody denosumab reduces the risk of fracture more than bisphosphonates.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p375a.html

Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents - Implementing AHRQ Effective ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - What are the benefits and harms of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments for depressive disorders in children and adolescents?

American Family Physician : Implementing AHRQ Effective Health Care Reviews

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p558.html

Antibiotic and Corticosteroid Treatment Effective for Acute Exacerbations of COPD - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Short-term antibiotic treatment and short-term systemic corticosteroids are both associated with a faster resolution of COPD symptoms and fewer treatment failures.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/od2.html

Evidence to Avoid Overtesting and Overuse in Diabetes Mellitus and Other Diseases - ...

Nov 15, 2020 - What can physicians do to avoid overuse? Start by asking the right questions.

American Family Physician : Editorials

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/p583.html

How to Manage a Patient with Weight Regain - Curbside Consultation - American Family ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - A 50-year-old patient, M.W., successfully reached their goal weight by losing 15 lb (6.8 kg) over six months on a Mediterranean diet. After maintaining the weight loss for more than a year, my patient is now 30 lb (13.6 kg) over their ideal body weight of 140 lb (63.5 kg).

American Family Physician : Curbside Consultation

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p567.html

VTE in Patients with Cancer: Guidelines from the American Society of Clinical Oncology ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 1, 2020 - The American Society of Clinical Oncology has updated recommendations for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer.

American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p188.html

A Specific Probiotic Decreases Crying in Infants Younger than Two Months with Colic - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Is probiotic supplementation effective in decreasing crying in infants with colic?

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/od5.html

Mechanical Methods of Induction of Labor - Cochrane for Clinicians - American Family ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - Mechanical induction of labor with single or double balloon catheters is similar to induction with vaginal prostaglandin E2 in rates of vaginal delivery achieved within 24 hours, and it has a more favorable safety profile.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p530.html

Patellofemoral Pain: Guidelines from the American Physical Therapy Association - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 1, 2020 - The American Physical Therapy Association released guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patellofemoral pain.

American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/p442.html

Rebound Bilirubin Levels after Phototherapy in Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - Rebound elevation of bilirubin levels after phototherapy discontinuation in healthy term neonates is infrequent (fewer than 2% of infants with levels less than 14 mg per dL [239 mmol per L] at initial discontinuation). Obtaining a repeat bilirubin level four to six hours after ...

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/od1.html

Watch-and-Wait Strategy Is an Option for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax - POEMs - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Conservative observation of patients presenting with a first primary spontaneous pneumothorax is as effective as immediate chest tube insertion in achieving full lung re-expansion at eight weeks.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/od3.html

Low-Dose Aspirin Beneficial for the Prevention of Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Patients... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - The routine use of low-dose aspirin, 81 mg daily, starting as early as six weeks' gestational age provided a statistically significant absolute risk reduction (nearly 2 percentage points) in the incidence of preterm birth among nulliparous patients with singleton gestation in ...

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/od4.html

Icosapent Ethyl (Vascepa) for Hyperlipidemia/Hypercholesterolemia to Reduce Risk of ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 15, 2021 - Icosapent ethyl is safe, well tolerated and effective in preventing ischemic events including stroke and heart attack.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0115/p117.html

Aspirin after Acute Ischemic Stroke - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - Learn more about the effect of aspirin therapy given within 48 hours of acute ischemic stroke in reducing the risk of death, dependence, or recurrent stroke, and the chance of complete recovery.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/od2.html

Short-Term Low Back Pain Relief with Placebo - POEMs - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 15, 2021 - Over three weeks, patients with long-term low back pain who knowingly took placebo twice a day reported less pain and disability than those continuing with treatment as usual.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0115/od3.html

Buffering Lidocaine 1%/ Epinephrine with Sodium Bicarbonate in a 3:1 Ratio Is as ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 15, 2021 - Lido/Epi buffered with NaHCO3 in a 3:1 ratio is significantly less painful during infiltration than unbuffered Lido/Epi and buffered Lido/Epi in a 9:1 ratio.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0115/od4.html

Twenty-Year Follow-Up of Women's Health Initiative Trials: Lower Breast Cancer ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 15, 2021 - The cumulative 20-year follow-up report from the Women's Health Initiative hormone therapy trials found significantly lower breast cancer incidence and mortality among postmenopausal women who previously took conjugated equine estrogen (CEE; Premarin) alone (with a prior hysterectomy) ...

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0115/od1.html

Triple Inhaled Therapy Provides a Small Reduction in Moderate COPD Exacerbations, No ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jan 15, 2021 - Triple inhaled therapy, with budesonide (Pulmicort) in a dose of either 160 mcg or 320 mcg daily plus a long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) and a long-acting beta2 agonist (LABA), reduces moderate exacerbations (a need for an antibiotic or steroid for three or more days) more than ...

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2021/0115/od2.html

Effects of Inhaled Corticosteroids on Growth in Children with Persistent Asthma - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 1, 2020 - Inhaled fluticasone (Flovent; 200 mcg per day) is associated with a greater linear growth velocity when compared with beclomethasone (400 mcg per day; an equivalent dose).

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/p404.html

Evidence Against the Routine Use of MRI for Nonoperative Treatment of Chronic ...

Nov 1, 2020 - Physicians should consider the ramifications before ordering an MRI in the setting of chronic pain. An MRI that is not indicated can lead to a procedure that is not necessary as both patient and physician focus on the abnormal study finding. Most patients improve with conservative ...

American Family Physician : Editorials

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p521.html

Trifarotene (Aklief) for the Treatment of Acne - STEPS - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 15, 2020 - Trifarotene is a monotherapy option for acne affecting the face and trunk and offers an alternative to topical antibiotics or anti-inflammatory agents for the management of moderate inflammatory and noninflammatory acne.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1015/p499.html

Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Operative Vaginal Delivery - Medicine by the Numbers - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 1, 2020 - Current guidelines from the World Health Organization do not recommend routine antibiotic prophylaxis for operative vaginal birth because of insufficient evidence of effectiveness.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/od2.html

Fecal Microbiota Transplant Effective for Irritable Bowel Syndrome - POEMs - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - This is the largest and best study to date of fecal microbiota transplant for irritable bowel syndrome —with impressive results.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p377.html

Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Premenopausal Patients and the Role of NSAIDs - Cochrane ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 1, 2020 - NSAIDs are effective for reducing heavy menstrual bleeding in premenopausal patients with menorrhagia when compared with placebo.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p147.html

Effectiveness of PPAR Gamma Agonists in Preventing Recurrent Stroke and Other Vascular ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - PPAR gamma agonists are probably effective in preventing recurrent stroke in people with previous stroke or TIA.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/p271.html

Cycled Hyperbaric Oxygen Improves the Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers - POEMs - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 15, 2020 - Hyperbaric oxygen provided with a device that cycles oxygen from high pressure to low pressure increased the likelihood of complete healing of diabetic foot ulcers when combined with standard dressing and an offloading boot.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1015/od3.html

ACR Guideline for Managing Patients with Degenerative Joint Disease of the Hand, Knee, ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - This meta-analysis found no evidence that the monoclonal antibody denosumab reduces the risk of fracture more than bisphosphonates.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p376.html

Corticosteroids for Hospitalized Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia - Cochrane ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - For adults hospitalized with severe CAP, the use of corticosteroids may reduce the likelihood of mortality.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/p272.html

Palliative Care During Public Health Emergencies: Examples from the COVID-19 Pandemic -... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - In public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic, some patients—especially older patients or those who have chronic health conditions—are confronted with treatment choices as they face life-threatening illness.

American Family Physician : Curbside Consultation

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/p312.html

Sarecycline (Seysara) for the Treatment of Acne - STEPS - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 15, 2020 - Sarecycline is a once-daily oral medication for patients with moderate to severe non-nodular acne. Its benefit over less expensive options has not been demonstrated.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p245.html

Similar Long-Term Morbidity and Mortality with Human Insulin and Analogue Insulin - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - This study found no difference in long-term patient-oriented outcomes between human and analogue insulins in adults with type 2 diabetes.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p375.html

Daily Colchicine Post-MI Reduces Strokes and Recurrent Hospitalizations for Angina - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 15, 2020 - Daily colchicine after MI reduces cardiovascular events, specifically strokes and hospitalizations for angina. It is inexpensive and well-tolerated and should be considered for patients with recent MIs who are already using guideline-directed therapy.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p248.html

Small Reduction in Cardiovascular Outcome After Ischemic Stroke with Lower LDL Target, ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 15, 2020 - A lower LDL target slightly reduced the likelihood of a broad composite outcome (number needed to treat [NNT] = 43 over 3.5 years), largely by reducing nonfatal strokes (NNT = 77; statistical significance not reported).

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p247.html

Acupuncture for Knee Osteoarthritis - FPIN's Clinical Inquiries - American Family ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 1, 2020 - Electroacupuncture can be used to improve pain and physical function in adults with knee osteoarthritis.

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p184.html

Smoking Cessation with Text Messaging and App-Based Interventions - Cochrane for ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 1, 2020 - Automated text messaging interventions are more effective than minimal smoking cessation support (absolute risk reduction [ARR] = 3%; 95% CI, 1% to 5%).

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p148.html

Oseltamivir of Uncertain Benefit in Patients with Flulike Symptoms - POEMs - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 15, 2020 - Although the authors report that compared with usual care oseltamivir shortens the duration of symptoms, the methodologic biases in this study make their conclusions suspect.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p248a.html

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