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Oral Manifestations of Commonly Prescribed Drugs - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Drugs are being prescribed with more frequency and in higher quantities. A serious adverse drug event from prescribed medications constitutes 2.4% to 16.2% of all hospital admissions. Many of the adverse drug events present intraorally or periorally in isolation or as a clinical symptom...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/p613.html

Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain: Nonpharmacologic, Noninvasive Treatments - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 15, 2020 - Chronic low back pain, neck pain, hip and knee osteoarthritis, and fibromyalgia are the most common types of chronic musculoskeletal pain. Because no individual therapy has consistent benefit, a multimodal treatment approach to chronic musculoskeletal pain is recommended. Many ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1015/p465.html

Blood Product Transfusion in Adults: Indications, Adverse Reactions, and Modifications ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jul 1, 2020 - Millions of units of blood products are transfused annually to patients in the United States. Red blood cells are transfused to improve oxygen-carrying capacity in patients with or at high risk of developing symptomatic anemia. Restrictive transfusion thresholds with lower hemoglobin ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0701/p30.html

Newborn Circumcision Techniques - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 1, 2020 - Newborn male circumcision is a common elective surgical procedure for the removal of foreskin covering the glans penis. The American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American Academy ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p680.html

Nerve Blocks: Part I. Upper Extremity - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 1, 2020 - Procedural anesthesia is administered by family physicians for a variety of conditions, including neuropathies, fracture reduction, foreign body removals, and complex wound management. A nerve block may be preferred because it provides effective regional anesthesia with less anesthetic....

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p654.html

Nerve Blocks: Part II. Lower Extremity - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 1, 2020 - Family physicians use anesthesia to provide diagnostic and procedural analgesia for conditions such as neuropathies, fracture reduction, foreign body removals, and complex wound management. Local infiltration of anesthetics is commonly used in this setting because of the ease of use, ...

American Family Physician : Article

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p669.html

Asthma: Updated Diagnosis and Management Recommendations from GINA - Practice ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 15, 2020 - The latest update to the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines includes significant changes to treatment recommendations, especially a recommendation against using a short-acting beta2 agonists such as albuterol as sole therapy.

American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0615/p762.html

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) - American Family Physician

Dec 1, 2020 - Advertisement AFP BY TOPIC Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Editors' Choice of Best Available Content Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease caused by an enveloped single-stranded RNA novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2...

American Family Physician : AFP By Topic

https://www.aafp.org/afp/topicModules/viewTopicModule.htm?topicModuleId=117

Evidence to Avoid Overtesting and Overuse in Diabetes Mellitus and Other Diseases - ...

Nov 15, 2020 - What can physicians do to avoid overuse? Start by asking the right questions.

American Family Physician : Editorials

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/p583.html

Oral Semaglutide (Rybelsus) for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus - STEPS - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Oral semaglutide (Rybelsus) is labeled as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/p627.html

Metformin to Prevent Diabetes in Patients at Increased Risk - Cochrane for Clinicians -... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - In patients at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, metformin reduces the risk (number needed to treat [NNT] = 7; 95% CI, 6 to 10) compared with counseling on standard diet and exercise.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p531.html

Antibiotic and Corticosteroid Treatment Effective for Acute Exacerbations of COPD - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Short-term antibiotic treatment and short-term systemic corticosteroids are both associated with a faster resolution of COPD symptoms and fewer treatment failures.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/od2.html

Low-Dose Aspirin Beneficial for the Prevention of Preterm Birth in Nulliparous Patients... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - The routine use of low-dose aspirin, 81 mg daily, starting as early as six weeks' gestational age provided a statistically significant absolute risk reduction (nearly 2 percentage points) in the incidence of preterm birth among nulliparous patients with singleton gestation in ...

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/od4.html

A Specific Probiotic Decreases Crying in Infants Younger than Two Months with Colic - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Is probiotic supplementation effective in decreasing crying in infants with colic?

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/od5.html

Treatment of Depression in Children and Adolescents - Implementing AHRQ Effective ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - What are the benefits and harms of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic treatments for depressive disorders in children and adolescents?

American Family Physician : Implementing AHRQ Effective Health Care Reviews

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p558.html

Watch-and-Wait Strategy Is an Option for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax - POEMs - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 15, 2020 - Conservative observation of patients presenting with a first primary spontaneous pneumothorax is as effective as immediate chest tube insertion in achieving full lung re-expansion at eight weeks.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1115/od3.html

Mechanical Methods of Induction of Labor - Cochrane for Clinicians - American Family ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - Mechanical induction of labor with single or double balloon catheters is similar to induction with vaginal prostaglandin E2 in rates of vaginal delivery achieved within 24 hours, and it has a more favorable safety profile.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p530.html

Antibiotics for Acute Bronchitis - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - Acute bronchitis is a lower respiratory tract infection, most commonly viral, that accounts for a significant number of health care visits. This review discusses the benefits and harms of antibiotics for acute bronchitis or acute productive cough.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/od2.html

How to Manage a Patient with Weight Regain - Curbside Consultation - American Family ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - A 50-year-old patient, M.W., successfully reached their goal weight by losing 15 lb (6.8 kg) over six months on a Mediterranean diet. After maintaining the weight loss for more than a year, my patient is now 30 lb (13.6 kg) over their ideal body weight of 140 lb (63.5 kg).

American Family Physician : Curbside Consultation

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p567.html

Evidence Against the Routine Use of MRI for Nonoperative Treatment of Chronic ...

Nov 1, 2020 - Physicians should consider the ramifications before ordering an MRI in the setting of chronic pain. An MRI that is not indicated can lead to a procedure that is not necessary as both patient and physician focus on the abnormal study finding. Most patients improve with conservative ...

American Family Physician : Editorials

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p521.html

Rebound Bilirubin Levels after Phototherapy in Neonates with Hyperbilirubinemia - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Nov 1, 2020 - Rebound elevation of bilirubin levels after phototherapy discontinuation in healthy term neonates is infrequent (fewer than 2% of infants with levels less than 14 mg per dL [239 mmol per L] at initial discontinuation). Obtaining a repeat bilirubin level four to six hours after ...

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/od1.html

Appropriate Use of Opioids for Chronic Pain - Lown Right Care: Reducing Overuse and ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - A collaboration between AFP and the Lown Institute promotes a vision of delivering health care that is based on the evidence, balanced in its approach, and focused on the patient.

American Family Physician : Lown Right Care: Reducing Overuse and Underuse

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p335.html

VTE in Patients with Cancer: Guidelines from the American Society of Clinical Oncology ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 1, 2020 - The American Society of Clinical Oncology has updated recommendations for the prevention and treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer.

American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p188.html

Lefamulin (Xenleta) for the Treatment of Community-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia - STEPS... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - Lefamulin may be considered for patients hospitalized with community-acquired bacterial pneumonia.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p373.html

Patellofemoral Pain: Guidelines from the American Physical Therapy Association - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 1, 2020 - The American Physical Therapy Association released guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patellofemoral pain.

American Family Physician : Practice Guidelines

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/p442.html

Misoprostol Dosing for First-Trimester Abortion - FPIN's Clinical Inquiries - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - Vaginal, oral, and sublingual misoprostol in single doses of 600 to 800 mcg are equally effective for promoting completed abortion in patients with an incomplete first-trimester spontaneous abortion.

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/od1.html

Denosumab No Better than Bisphosphonates for Preventing Fracture, and the Cost Is Much ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - This meta-analysis found no evidence that the monoclonal antibody denosumab reduces the risk of fracture more than bisphosphonates.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p375a.html

Trifarotene (Aklief) for the Treatment of Acne - STEPS - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 15, 2020 - Trifarotene is a monotherapy option for acne affecting the face and trunk and offers an alternative to topical antibiotics or anti-inflammatory agents for the management of moderate inflammatory and noninflammatory acne.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1015/p499.html

Effects of Inhaled Corticosteroids on Growth in Children with Persistent Asthma - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 1, 2020 - Inhaled fluticasone (Flovent; 200 mcg per day) is associated with a greater linear growth velocity when compared with beclomethasone (400 mcg per day; an equivalent dose).

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/p404.html

Aspirin after Acute Ischemic Stroke - Medicine by the Numbers - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - Learn more about the effect of aspirin therapy given within 48 hours of acute ischemic stroke in reducing the risk of death, dependence, or recurrent stroke, and the chance of complete recovery.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/od2.html

Fecal Microbiota Transplant Effective for Irritable Bowel Syndrome - POEMs - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - This is the largest and best study to date of fecal microbiota transplant for irritable bowel syndrome —with impressive results.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p377.html

Palliative Care During Public Health Emergencies: Examples from the COVID-19 Pandemic -... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - In public health emergencies such as the COVID-19 pandemic, some patients—especially older patients or those who have chronic health conditions—are confronted with treatment choices as they face life-threatening illness.

American Family Physician : Curbside Consultation

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/p312.html

Effectiveness of PPAR Gamma Agonists in Preventing Recurrent Stroke and Other Vascular ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - PPAR gamma agonists are probably effective in preventing recurrent stroke in people with previous stroke or TIA.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/p271.html

Corticosteroids for Hospitalized Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia - Cochrane ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 1, 2020 - For adults hospitalized with severe CAP, the use of corticosteroids may reduce the likelihood of mortality.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/p272.html

Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Premenopausal Patients and the Role of NSAIDs - Cochrane ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 1, 2020 - NSAIDs are effective for reducing heavy menstrual bleeding in premenopausal patients with menorrhagia when compared with placebo.

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p147.html

Nicotine Replacement Therapy for Smoking Cessation - Cochrane for Clinicians - American... Restricted content. Login required.

Jul 1, 2020 - Patients using a combination of nicotine patch and fast-acting NRT are more likely to quit smoking than those on any single therapy alone (number needed to treat [NNT] = 29; 95% CI, 20 to 47).

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0701/p17.html

Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Operative Vaginal Delivery - Medicine by the Numbers - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 1, 2020 - Current guidelines from the World Health Organization do not recommend routine antibiotic prophylaxis for operative vaginal birth because of insufficient evidence of effectiveness.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/od2.html

Cycled Hyperbaric Oxygen Improves the Healing of Diabetic Foot Ulcers - POEMs - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Oct 15, 2020 - Hyperbaric oxygen provided with a device that cycles oxygen from high pressure to low pressure increased the likelihood of complete healing of diabetic foot ulcers when combined with standard dressing and an offloading boot.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1015/od3.html

Sarecycline (Seysara) for the Treatment of Acne - STEPS - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 15, 2020 - Sarecycline is a once-daily oral medication for patients with moderate to severe non-nodular acne. Its benefit over less expensive options has not been demonstrated.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p245.html

ACR Guideline for Managing Patients with Degenerative Joint Disease of the Hand, Knee, ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - This meta-analysis found no evidence that the monoclonal antibody denosumab reduces the risk of fracture more than bisphosphonates.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p376.html

Dapagliflozin (Farxiga) for Preventing Hospitalization for Heart Failure - STEPS - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jul 15, 2020 - Dapagliflozin can be added to existing treatment to reduce the risk of hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes who have established CVD or are at high risk of CVD. It may also decrease the risk of renal disease progression and death from renal failure.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0715/p115.html

Acupuncture for Knee Osteoarthritis - FPIN's Clinical Inquiries - American Family ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 1, 2020 - Electroacupuncture can be used to improve pain and physical function in adults with knee osteoarthritis.

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p184.html

Smoking Cessation with Text Messaging and App-Based Interventions - Cochrane for ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 1, 2020 - Automated text messaging interventions are more effective than minimal smoking cessation support (absolute risk reduction [ARR] = 3%; 95% CI, 1% to 5%).

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p148.html

Similar Long-Term Morbidity and Mortality with Human Insulin and Analogue Insulin - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Sep 15, 2020 - This study found no difference in long-term patient-oriented outcomes between human and analogue insulins in adults with type 2 diabetes.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0915/p375.html

Acetaminophen for Pain Relief in Osteoarthritis - FPIN's Help Desk Answers - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jul 15, 2020 - Acetaminophen is no better than placebo for relief of hip or knee pain due to osteoarthritis. Although acetaminophen does provide some pain relief, the effect is small and not clinically significant.

American Family Physician : FPIN's Help Desk Answers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0715/p113.html

Daily Colchicine Post-MI Reduces Strokes and Recurrent Hospitalizations for Angina - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 15, 2020 - Daily colchicine after MI reduces cardiovascular events, specifically strokes and hospitalizations for angina. It is inexpensive and well-tolerated and should be considered for patients with recent MIs who are already using guideline-directed therapy.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p248.html

The Promise and Challenge of Home Health Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic - ...

Jul 1, 2020 - The COVID-19 pandemic presents family physicians with unique opportunities to work with home health providers to combat the pandemic, provide quality care, and ease the burden of fear among patients.

American Family Physician : Editorials

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0701/p8.html

Role of Mucolytics in the Treatment of Chronic Bronchitis or COPD - Cochrane for ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jul 1, 2020 - Oral mucolytic agents may reduce the number of acute exacerbations in patients with chronic bronchitis or COPD (number needed to treat [NNT] = 8 over an average of nine months; 95% CI, 7 to 10).

American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0701/p16.html

Small Reduction in Cardiovascular Outcome After Ischemic Stroke with Lower LDL Target, ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 15, 2020 - A lower LDL target slightly reduced the likelihood of a broad composite outcome (number needed to treat [NNT] = 43 over 3.5 years), largely by reducing nonfatal strokes (NNT = 77; statistical significance not reported).

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p247.html

Oseltamivir of Uncertain Benefit in Patients with Flulike Symptoms - POEMs - American ... Restricted content. Login required.

Aug 15, 2020 - Although the authors report that compared with usual care oseltamivir shortens the duration of symptoms, the methodologic biases in this study make their conclusions suspect.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0815/p248a.html

Antiemetics for Acute Gastroenteritis in Children - FPIN's Clinical Inquiries - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jul 1, 2020 - Oral ondansetron (Zofran) may be given to children presenting to the emergency department with vomiting and mild to moderate dehydration from acute gastroenteritis. It reduces hospital admissions and the need for intravenous hydration.

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0701/p51.html

Mind-Body Treatments Enhance Opioid Treatment of Patients with Acute or Chronic Pain - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jul 15, 2020 - Using mindfulness, meditation, hypnosis, therapeutic suggestion, and cognitive behavior therapy, in addition to opioid treatment of acute or chronic pain, provides an additional benefit to patients by reducing pain scores.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0715/p119.html

For Three-Vessel Disease, but Not Left Main Disease, CABG Is Preferred Over PCI - POEMs... Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 1, 2020 - For patients with left main disease, PCI with a drug-eluting stent and CABG had similar all-cause mortality rates at 10 years. For those with three-vessel disease, CABG is associated with lower 10-year mortality.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p698.html

Family Physicians Play Key Role in Bridging the Gap in Access to Opioid Use Disorder ...

Jul 1, 2020 - Buprenorphine prescribing in primary care is a key bottleneck in the access to medications for opioid use disorder (OUD). In a Medicare claims study including family medicine, internal medicine, general practice, and psychiatry, the largest share of buprenorphine prescribers were family...

American Family Physician : Graham Center Policy One-Pagers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0701/p10.html

No Short-Term Extra Benefit when Muscle Relaxants Are Added to Ibuprofen for Acute Low ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 1, 2020 - Adding a muscle relaxant to treatment with ibuprofen does not improve functional outcomes or pain, or lessen the number of people reporting moderate to severe back pain one week after starting treatment.

American Family Physician : POEMs

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p695.html

Ozenoxacin (Xepi) for the Treatment of Impetigo - STEPS - American Family Physician Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 15, 2020 - Ozenoxacin is an effective and safe topical quinolone treatment for bullous and nonbullous impetigo in patients as young as two months. However, it is expensive and some patients may have limited access because it is only available through a physician or hospital.

American Family Physician : STEPS

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0615/p760.html

Supplemental Oxygen Therapy for Nonhypoxemic Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome - ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 1, 2020 - No conclusive evidence demonstrates that routine use of supplemental oxygen therapy is associated with clinical benefit or harm in nonhypoxemic patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI).

American Family Physician : FPIN's Clinical Inquiries

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p687.html

Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation for Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive ... Restricted content. Login required.

Jun 1, 2020 - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by hyperinflation of the lungs, including emphysema and chronic bronchitis. Learn more about the benefits and harms of using noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for exacerbation of COPD.

American Family Physician : Medicine by the Numbers

https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/od1.html

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