Infantile Colic: Recognition and Treatment - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2015 - Infantile colic is a benign process in which an infant has paroxysms of inconsolable crying for more than three hours per day, more than three days per week, for longer than three weeks. It affects approximately 10% to 40% of infants worldwide and peaks at around six weeks of age, with ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1001/p577.html
Coccidioidomycosis (Valley Fever) in Primary Care - American Family Physician
Feb 15, 2020 - Primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis (valley fever) is caused by inhaling airborne spores of the fungus Coccidioides immitis or Coccidioides posadasii. Residing in or traveling to areas endemic for Coccidioides is required for the diagnosis; no person-to-person or zoonotic contagion ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0215/p221.html
Common Questions About Streptococcal Pharyngitis - American Family Physician
Jul 1, 2016 - Group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal (GABHS) infection causes 15% to 30% of sore throats in children and 5% to 15% in adults, and is more common in the late winter and early spring. The strongest independent predictors of GABHS pharyngitis are patient age of five to 15 years, absence of...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0701/p24.html
Common Questions About Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Women - American Family ...
Apr 1, 2016 - Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in women, including healthy women with normal genitourinary anatomy. Recurrent UTI is typically defined as three or more UTIs within 12 months, or two or more occurrences within six months. The same species that caused previous ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0401/p560.html
Diagnosis and Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Cystitis - American Family Physician
Oct 1, 2011 - Urinary tract infections are the most common bacterial infections in women. Most urinary tract infections are acute uncomplicated cystitis. Identifiers of acute uncomplicated cystitis are frequency and dysuria in an immunocompetent woman of childbearing age who has no comorbidities or ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1001/p771.html
Specific Learning Disabilities: The Family Physician's Role - American Family Physician
Nov 15, 2019 - Academic underachievement, such as failing a class and the threat of being held back because of academic issues, is common. Family physicians can provide support and guidance for families as they approach their child’s unique academic challenges. Specific learning disabilities are a ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1115/p628.html
Renal Cell Carcinoma: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Feb 1, 2019 - Kidney cancer is one of the 10 most common cancers in the United States with 90% being attributed to renal cell carcinoma. Men, especially black men, are more likely to be affected than women. Renal masses, either cystic or solid, are best detected with contrast-enhanced, triple-phase ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0201/p179.html
Heat-Related Illnesses - American Family Physician
Apr 15, 2019 - Heat-related illnesses comprise a spectrum of syndromes resulting from disruption of thermoregulation in people exposed to high environmental heat. Symptoms range from heat edema and exercise-associated muscle cramps to exercise-associated collapse, heat exhaustion, and life-threatening...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0415/p482.html
Proteinuria in Children: Evaluation and Differential Diagnosis - American Family Physician
Feb 15, 2017 - Although proteinuria is usually benign in the form of transient or orthostatic proteinuria, persistent proteinuria may be associated with more serious renal diseases. Proteinuria may be an independent risk factor for the progression of chronic kidney disease in children. Mechanisms of ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0215/p248.html
Newborn Respiratory Distress - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2015 - Newborn respiratory distress presents a diagnostic and management challenge. Newborns with respiratory distress commonly exhibit tachypnea with a respiratory rate of more than 60 respirations per minute. They may present with grunting, retractions, nasal flaring, and cyanosis. Common ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1201/p994.html
Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants and Children - American ...
Oct 15, 2015 - Gastroesophageal reflux is defined as the passage of stomach contents into the esophagus with or without accompanied regurgitation (spitting up) and vomiting. It is a normal physiologic process that occurs throughout the day in infants and less often in children and adolescents. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1015/p705.html
Cardiomyopathy: An Overview - American Family Physician
Nov 15, 2017 - The definition and classification of cardiomyopathy have evolved considerably in recent years. Cardiomyopathy can be separated into primary (genetic, mixed, or acquired) and secondary categories, which result in varied phenotypes including dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/1115/p640.html
Diagnosis and Treatment of Urinary Tract Infections in Children - American Family ...
Feb 15, 2011 - Acute urinary tract infections are relatively common in children, with 8 percent of girls and 2 percent of boys having at least one episode by seven years of age. The most common pathogen is Escherichia coli, accounting for approximately 85 percent of urinary tract infections in ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0215/p409.html
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Diagnosis and Management - American Family Physician
Nov 15, 2015 - Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a chronic illness that can cause marked distress and disability. It is a complex disorder with a variety of manifestations and symptom dimensions, some of which are underrecognized. Early recognition and treatment with OCD-specific therapies may ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1115/p896.html
Epilepsy: Treatment Options - American Family Physician
Jul 15, 2017 - The occurrence of a single seizure does not always require initiation of antiepileptic drugs. Risk of recurrent seizures should guide their use. In adults, key risk factors for recurrence are two unprovoked seizures occurring more than 24 hours apart, epileptiform abnormalities on ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2017/0715/p87.html
Hypothyroidism: An Update - American Family Physician
Aug 1, 2012 - Hypothyroidism is a clinical disorder commonly encountered by the primary care physician. Untreated hypothyroidism can contribute to hypertension, dyslipidemia, infertility, cognitive impairment, and neuromuscular dysfunction. Data derived from the National Health and Nutrition ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0801/p244.html
Trauma in Pregnancy: Assessment, Management, and Prevention - American Family Physician
Nov 15, 2014 - Trauma complicates one in 12 pregnancies, and is the leading nonobstetric cause of death among pregnant women. The most common traumatic injuries are motor vehicle crashes, assaults, falls, and intimate partner violence. Nine out of 10 traumatic injuries during pregnancy are classified ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/1115/p717.html
Treatment of Allergic Rhinitis - American Family Physician
Dec 1, 2015 - Allergic rhinitis is a common and chronic immunoglobulin E–mediated respiratory illness that can affect quality of life and productivity, as well as exacerbate other conditions such as asthma. Treatment should be based on the patient’s age and severity of symptoms. Patients should be ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/1201/p985.html
Diagnosis of Heel Pain - American Family Physician
Oct 15, 2011 - Heel pain is a common presenting symptom in ambulatory clinics. There are many causes, but a mechanical etiology is most common. Location of pain can be a guide to the proper diagnosis. The most common diagnosis is plantar fasciitis, a condition that leads to medial plantar heel pain, ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1015/p909.html
Evaluation and Treatment of Infertility - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2015 - Infertility is defined as the inability to achieve pregnancy after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. Evaluation may be initiated sooner in patients who have risk factors for infertility or if the female partner is older than 35 years. Causes of infertility include male ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2015/0301/p308.html
Causes and Evaluation of Mildly Elevated Liver Transaminase Levels - American Family ...
Nov 1, 2011 - Mild elevations in levels of the liver enzymes alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase are commonly discovered in asymptomatic patients in primary care. Evidence to guide the diagnostic workup is limited. If the history and physical examination do not suggest a cause, a stepwise...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/1101/p1003.html
Nocturnal Leg Cramps - American Family Physician
Aug 15, 2012 - Up to 60 percent of adults report that they have had nocturnal leg cramps. The recurrent, painful tightening usually occurs in the calf muscles and can cause severe insomnia. The exact mechanism is unknown, but the cramps are probably caused by muscle fatigue and nerve dysfunction ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2012/0815/p350.html
Diagnosis and Management of Adnexal Masses - American Family Physician
Apr 15, 2016 - Adnexal masses can have gynecologic or nongynecologic etiologies, ranging from normal luteal cysts to ovarian cancer to bowel abscesses. Women who report abdominal or pelvic pain, increased abdominal size or bloating, difficulty eating, or rapid satiety that occurs more than 12 times ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2016/0415/p676.html
Testicular Torsion: Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Management - American Family Physician
Dec 15, 2013 - Testicular torsion is a twisting of the spermatic cord and its contents and is a surgical emergency affecting 3.8 per 100,000 males younger than 18 years annually. It accounts for 10% to 15% of acute scrotal disease in children, and results in an orchiectomy rate of 42% in boys ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2013/1215/p835.html
Evaluation and Management of Neck Masses in Children - American Family Physician
Mar 1, 2014 - Neck masses in children usually fall into one of three categories: developmental, inflammatory/reactive, or neoplastic. Common congenital developmental masses in the neck include thyroglossal duct cysts, branchial cleft cysts, dermoid cysts, vascular malformations, and hemangiomas. ...
American Family Physician : Article
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2014/0301/p353.html