Accuracy of Dermoscopy vs. Visual Inspection for Diagnosing Melanoma in Adults - ...
Feb 1, 2020 - The addition of dermoscopy to in-person visual inspection of skin lesions increases specificity and sensitivity in the detection of melanoma. In-person evaluation with dermoscopy is more accurate than image-based assessment.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0201/p145.html
Acute Appendicitis: Computed Tomography for Diagnosis in Adults - Cochrane for ...
Oct 1, 2020 - In a nonpregnant adult with clinical signs and symptoms of appendicitis, computed tomography has a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 94%.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/p403.html
Alternative Interventions for Chronic Prostatitis/Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome in Men -...
Jun 1, 2019 - In men with chronic pelvic pain and urinary dysfunction who have not responded to standard medical management, extracorporeal shock wave therapy reduces symptoms and increases quality of life. Acupuncture may also provide benefit to some patients.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0601/p677.html
Antepartum Omega-3 Fatty Acid Intake and Length of Gestation - Cochrane for Clinicians ...
Jan 1, 2020 - Omega-3 fatty acids, whether taken as supplements or consumed as part of the diet, reduce the risk of preterm birth (number needed to treat = 68) and early preterm birth (number needed to treat = 55).
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0101/p17.html
Anticoagulation for the Long-term Treatment of VTE in Patients with Cancer - Cochrane ...
Jun 1, 2019 - Low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), vitamin K antagonists, and direct oral anticoagulants, when used to prevent recurrent VTE, have a similar impact on all-cause mortality.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0601/p676.html
Antidepressants Plus Benzodiazepines for Adults with Major Depression - Cochrane for ...
May 1, 2020 - A combination of tricyclic antidepressants and benzodiazepines is more effective for major depression in adults than tricyclic antidepressants alone in the first four weeks of treatment.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0501/p527.html
Antihypertensive Drug Therapy for Mild to Moderate Hypertension During Pregnancy - ...
Oct 1, 2019 - Compared with placebo, antihypertensive drug therapy for mild to moderate hypertension (defined by the authors as a blood pressure of 140 to 169 mm Hg systolic or 90 to 109 mm Hg diastolic) caused by chronic hypertension, gestational hypertension, or preeclampsia during pregnancy does ...
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1001/p403.html
Aromatase Inhibitors Such as Letrozole (Femara) vs. Clomiphene (Clomid) for Subfertile ...
May 1, 2019 - When treated with letrozole, subfertile women with PCOS who are trying to conceive have increased chances of pregnancy (number needed to treat [NNT] = 11) and live birth (NNT = 10) compared with those treated with clomiphene.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0501/p545.html
Beta Blockers for Suspected or Diagnosed Acute Myocardial Infarction - Cochrane for ...
Dec 1, 2020 - Compared with placebo, beta-blocker use in patients with acute MI reduces short-term (less than three months) risk of MI and long-term (more than three months) risk of cardiovascular mortality and all-cause mortality.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p666.html
Combined Hormonal Contraceptives for Heavy Menstrual Bleeding - Cochrane for Clinicians...
Dec 1, 2019 - Combined oral contraceptives decrease the number of women reporting menorrhagia over six months compared with placebo (absolute risk reduction = 36.7%; number needed to treat = 2.7).
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1201/p677.html
Complementary and Integrative Treatments for Pain Management in Labor - Cochrane for ...
Feb 1, 2019 - There is evidence that all of the studied interventions have some benefit in labor, but the evidence is of low to very low quality. Massage, thermal interventions (warm and cold packs), relaxation techniques, yoga, and music reduce pain during latent labor, but not during active labor.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0201/p154.html
Corticosteroids for Hospitalized Patients with Community-Acquired Pneumonia - Cochrane ...
Sep 1, 2020 - For adults hospitalized with severe CAP, the use of corticosteroids may reduce the likelihood of mortality.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/p272.html
Different Durations of Corticosteroid Therapy for COPD Exacerbations - Cochrane for ...
Mar 1, 2019 - Treatment of acute exacerbations of COPD with a shorter course of systemic corticosteroids (seven or fewer days) is likely to be as effective and safe as treating with longer courses (more than seven days).
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0301/p295.html
Direct Oral Anticoagulants vs. Warfarin to Prevent Stroke and Embolic Events in ...
Apr 1, 2019 - Direct oral anticoagulants are as likely as warfarin to prevent all strokes and systemic embolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation and CKD stage 3. They do not increase the risk of major bleeding events. The evidence remains insufficient to make recommendations for the use of ...
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0401/p422.html
Effectiveness and Safety of Factor Xa Inhibitors in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation -...
Oct 1, 2019 - Treatment of AFib with a factor Xa inhibitor results in a decrease in the combined end point of stroke and embolic events (odds ratio [OR] = 0.89; 95% CI, 0.82 to 0.97), as well as a decrease in intracranial hemorrhage (OR = 0.50; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.59) and all-cause mortality (OR = ...
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1001/p405.html
Effectiveness of PPAR Gamma Agonists in Preventing Recurrent Stroke and Other Vascular ...
Sep 1, 2020 - PPAR gamma agonists are probably effective in preventing recurrent stroke in people with previous stroke or TIA.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0901/p271.html
Effects of Inhaled Corticosteroids on Growth in Children with Persistent Asthma - ...
Oct 1, 2020 - Inhaled fluticasone (Flovent; 200 mcg per day) is associated with a greater linear growth velocity when compared with beclomethasone (400 mcg per day; an equivalent dose).
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1001/p404.html
Emergency Contraception: Safety and Effectiveness - Cochrane for Clinicians - American ...
Jun 1, 2020 - Oral mifepristone (Mifeprex), ulipristal (Ella), levonorgestrel-releasing emergency contraception (Plan B One-Step), ethinyl estradiol/levonorgestrel, and the copper intrauterine device (IUD; Paragard) are safe and effective for emergency contraception.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0601/p651.html
General Health Checks in Adults for Reducing Disease-Related Morbidity and Mortality - ...
Dec 1, 2019 - General health check visits have no benefit on cardiovascular morbidity or on total, cardiovascular, or cancer-related mortality. There is also no evidence that they cause patient harm.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/1201/p676.html
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Premenopausal Patients and the Role of NSAIDs - Cochrane ...
Aug 1, 2020 - NSAIDs are effective for reducing heavy menstrual bleeding in premenopausal patients with menorrhagia when compared with placebo.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0801/p147.html
Interventions for Reducing Childhood Obesity - Cochrane for Clinicians - American ...
Apr 1, 2020 - Individual dietary interventions alone fail to change body mass index or the standardized BMI z-score across all age groups. The impact of regular physical activity or combined dietary and physical activity interventions is modest at best.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0401/p394.html
Lithium for Acute Mania - Cochrane for Clinicians - American Family Physician
May 1, 2020 - Lithium is more effective at inducing a reduction of at least 50% on the validated Young Mania Rating Scale compared with placebo (number needed to treat [NNT] = 6; 95% CI, 5 to 8; six studies; n = 1,707).
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/0501/p528.html
Low-Protein Diets for Adults Without Diabetes Mellitus Who Have CKD - Cochrane for ...
Dec 1, 2020 - In patients without diabetes mellitus who have chronic kidney disease, is a low-protein diet effective at preventing progression to end-stage renal disease or the need for dialysis?
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1201/p665.html
Mechanical Methods of Induction of Labor - Cochrane for Clinicians - American Family ...
Nov 1, 2020 - Mechanical induction of labor with single or double balloon catheters is similar to induction with vaginal prostaglandin E2 in rates of vaginal delivery achieved within 24 hours, and it has a more favorable safety profile.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2020/1101/p530.html
Medication Management for Chronic Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction - ...
Jul 1, 2019 - Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists reduce hospitalizations for patients with HFpEF. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers have not been shown to change the morbidity or mortality in patients with HFpEF.
American Family Physician : Cochrane for Clinicians
https://www.aafp.org/afp/2019/0701/p17.html
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